Módulo:Citação/CS1: diferenças entre revisões

Fonte: Wiki 420
Criou a página com "local cs1 ={} --[[--------------------------< F O R W A R D D E C L A R A T I O N S >-------------------------------------- ATENÇÃO! As variáveis estão definidas como globais porque a função "setfenv" está desativada na Wikipédia, e Lua não tem modificadores protected (para herança de objetos) ]] z ={} -- tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities cfg = {} -- table of configuration tables that are defined in Módulo:Citação/CS1/Configuração whiteli..."
 
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Edição atual desde as 14h22min de 7 de agosto de 2025

local cs1 ={}

--[[--------------------------< F O R W A R D D E C L A R A T I O N S >--------------------------------------

 ATENÇÃO! As variáveis estão definidas como globais porque a função "setfenv" está desativada
 na Wikipédia, e Lua não tem modificadores protected (para herança de objetos)

]]

z ={} -- tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

cfg = {} -- table of configuration tables that are defined in Módulo:Citação/CS1/Configuração

whitelist = {} -- table of tables listing valid template parameter names; defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist

--[[ dates, year_date_check, reformat_dates, date_hyphen_to_dash -- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation

is_set, in_array, substitute, error_comment, set_error, select_one, -- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

   add_maint_cat, wrap_style, safe_for_italics, remove_wiki_link

extract_ids, extract_id_access_levels, build_id_list, is_embargoed -- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers

make_coins_title, get_coins_pages, COinS -- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/COinS ]]

--[[--------------------------< P A G E S C O P E V A R I A B L E S >--------------------------------------

delare variables here that have page-wide scope that are not brought in from other modules; thatare created here and used here

]]

added_prop_cats = {} -- list of property categories that have been added to z.properties_cats

--[[ added_deprecated_cat boolean flag so that the category is added only once

added_vanc_errs boolean flag so we only emit one Vancouver error / category

Frame -- holds the module's frame table ]]

--[[--------------------------< F I R S T _ S E T >------------------------------------------------------------ Localiza e retorna o primeiro atributo que possui argumento na tabela passada por parâmetro, na ordem estabelecida na tabela. Da esquerda para direita é a ordem em que os valores serão avaliados. Retorna nil se nenhum argumento existir.

O motivo de estar implementado um próprio iterador, bem como receber o tamanho por parâmetro é porque se usar o 'ipairs' e houver algum valor nil no meio, o valor nil é considerado o último elemento e para a iteração; se usar 'pairs' a ordem numérica não é garantida. O tamanho é passado por parâmetro porque o operador '#' retorna a quantidade de atributo de índice numérico de 1 a 'nil', deparando no mesmo problema de se usar o 'ipairs'.

@param list a tabela que contém a lista @param count a quantidade de elementos a ser iterado a partir de 1 ]] function first_set (list, count)

   local i = 1;
   while i <= count do -- loop through all items in list
       if is_set( list[i] ) then
           return list[i];                                                        -- return the first set list member
       end
       i = i + 1;                                                                -- point to next
   end

end

--[[--------------------------< A D D _ P R O P _ C A T >-------------------------------------- Adds a category to z.properties_cats using names from the configuration file with additional text if any.

added_prop_cats is a table declared in page scope variables above ]] function add_prop_cat (key, arguments)

   if not added_prop_cats [key] then
       added_prop_cats [key] = true;                                            -- note that we've added this category
       table.insert( z.properties_cats, substitute (cfg.prop_cats [key], arguments));        -- make name then add to table
   end

end

--[[--------------------------< A D D _ V A N C _ E R R O R >---------------------------------- Adds a single Vancouver system error message to the template's output regardless of how many error actually exist. To prevent duplication, added_vanc_errs is nil until an error message is emitted.

added_vanc_errs is a boolean declared in page scope variables above ]] function add_vanc_error (source)

   if not added_vanc_errs then
       added_vanc_errs = true;                                                    -- note that we've added this category
       table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'vancouver', {source}, true ) } );
   end

end


--[[--------------------------< I S _ S C H E M E >-------------------------------------------- does this thing that purports to be a uri scheme seem to be a valid scheme? The scheme is checked to see if it is in agreement with http://tools.ietf.org/html/std66#section-3.1 which says:

   Scheme names consist of a sequence of characters beginning with a
  letter and followed by any combination of letters, digits, plus
  ("+"), period ("."), or hyphen ("-").

returns true if it does, else false ]] function is_scheme (scheme)

   return scheme and scheme:match ('^%a[%a%d%+%.%-]*:');                        -- true if scheme is set and matches the pattern

end


--[=[-------------------------< I S _ D O M A I N _ N A M E >----------------------------------- Does this thing that purports to be a domain name seem to be a valid domain name?

Syntax defined here: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1034#section-3.5 BNF defined here: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4234 Single character names are generally reserved; see https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dnsind-iana-dns-01#page-15;

   see also Single-letter second-level domain

list of tlds: https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db

rfc952 (modified by rfc 1123) requires the first and last character of a hostname to be a letter or a digit. Between the first and last characters the name may use letters, digits, and the hyphen.

Also allowed are IPv4 addresses. IPv6 not supported

domain is expected to be stripped of any path so that the last character in the last character of the tld. tld is two or more alpha characters. Any preceding '//' (from splitting a url with a scheme) will be stripped here. Perhaps not necessary but retained incase it is necessary for IPv4 dot decimal.

There are several tests:

   the first character of the whole domain name including subdomains must be a letter or a digit
   internationalized domain name (ascii characters with .xn-- ASCII Compatible Encoding (ACE) prefix xn-- in the tld) see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3490
   single-letter/digit second-level domains in the .org TLD
   q, x, and z SL domains in the .com TLD
   i and q SL domains in the .net TLD
   single-letter SL domains in the ccTLDs (where the ccTLD is two letters)
   two-character SL domains in gTLDs (where the gTLD is two or more letters)
   three-plus-character SL domains in gTLDs (where the gTLD is two or more letters)
   IPv4 dot-decimal address format; TLD not allowed

returns true if domain appears to be a proper name and tld or IPv4 address, else false ]=] function is_domain_name (domain) if not domain then return false; -- if not set, abandon end

domain = domain:gsub ('^//', ); -- strip '//' from domain name if present; done here so we only have to do it once

if not domain:match ('^[%w]') then -- first character must be letter or digit return false; end

if domain:match ('^%a+:') then -- hack to detect things that look like s:Page:Title where Page: is namespace at Wikisource return false; end

local patterns = { -- patterns that look like URLs '%f[%w][%w][%w%-]+[%w]%.%a%a+$', -- three or more character hostname.hostname or hostname.tld '%f[%w][%w][%w%-]+[%w]%.xn%-%-[%w]+$', -- internationalized domain name with ACE prefix '%f[%a][qxz]%.com$', -- assigned one character .com hostname (x.com times out 2015-12-10) '%f[%a][iq]%.net$', -- assigned one character .net hostname (q.net registered but not active 2015-12-10) '%f[%w][%w]%.%a%a$', -- one character hostname and ccTLD (2 chars) '%f[%w][%w][%w]%.%a%a+$', -- two character hostname and TLD '^%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?', -- IPv4 address '[%a%d]+%:?' -- IPv6 address }

for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do -- loop through the patterns list if domain:match (pattern) then return true; -- if a match then we think that this thing that purports to be a URL is a URL end end

for _, d in ipairs (cfg.single_letter_2nd_lvl_domains_t) do -- look for single letter second level domain names for these top level domains if domain:match ('%f[%w][%w]%.' .. d) then return true end end return false; -- no matches, we don't know what this thing is end


--[[--------------------------< I S _ U R L >---------------------------------------------------- returns true if the scheme and domain parts of a url appear to be a valid url; else false.

This function is the last step in the validation process. This function is separate because there are cases that are not covered by split_url(), for example is_parameter_ext_wikilink() which is looking for bracketted external wikilinks. ]] function is_url (scheme, domain)

   if is_set (scheme) then                                                        -- if scheme is set check it and domain
       return is_scheme (scheme) and is_domain_name (domain);
   else
       return is_domain_name (domain);                                            -- scheme not set when url is protocol relative
   end

end


--[[--------------------------< S P L I T _ U R L >----------------------------------------------- Split a url into a scheme, authority indicator, and domain.

First remove Fully Qualified Domain Name terminator (a dot following tld) (if any) and any path(/), query(?) or fragment(#).

If protocol relative url, return nil scheme and domain else return nil for both scheme and domain.

When not protocol relative, get scheme, authority indicator, and domain. If there is an authority indicator (one or more '/' characters immediately following the scheme's colon), make sure that there are only 2.

Strip off any port and path; ]] function split_url (url_str) local scheme, authority, domain;

url_str = url_str:gsub ('([%a%d])%.?[/%?#].*$', '%1'); -- strip FQDN terminator and path(/), query(?), fragment (#) (the capture prevents false replacement of '//')

if url_str:match ('^//%S*') then -- if there is what appears to be a protocol-relative URL domain = url_str:match ('^//(%S*)') elseif url_str:match ('%S-:/*%S+') then -- if there is what appears to be a scheme, optional authority indicator, and domain name scheme, authority, domain = url_str:match ('(%S-:)(/*)(%S+)'); -- extract the scheme, authority indicator, and domain portions if is_set (authority) then authority = authority:gsub ('//', , 1); -- replace place 1 pair of '/' with nothing; if is_set(authority) then -- if anything left (1 or 3+ '/' where authority should be) then return scheme; -- return scheme only making domain nil which will cause an error message end else if not scheme:match ('^news:') then -- except for news:..., MediaWiki won't link URLs that do not have authority indicator; TODO: a better way to do this test? return scheme; -- return scheme only making domain nil which will cause an error message end end domain = domain:gsub ('(%a):%d+', '%1'); -- strip port number if present end

return scheme, domain; end


--[[--------------------------< L I N K _ P A R A M _ O K >-------------------------------------- checks the content of |title-link=, |series-link=, |author-link= etc for properly formatted content: no wikilinks, no urls

Link parameters are to hold the title of a wikipedia article so none of the WP:TITLESPECIALCHARACTERS are allowed:

   # < > [ ] | { } _

except the underscore which is used as a space in wiki urls and # which is used for section links

returns false when the value contains any of these characters.

When there are no illegal characters, this function returns TRUE if value DOES NOT appear to be a valid url (the |<param>-link= parameter is ok); else false when value appears to be a valid url (the |<param>-link= parameter is NOT ok). ]] function link_param_ok (value)

   local scheme, domain;
   if value:find ('[<>%[%]|{}]') then                                            -- if any prohibited characters
       return false;
   end
   scheme, domain = split_url (value);                                            -- get scheme or nil and domain or nil from url;
   return not is_url (scheme, domain);                                            -- return true if value DOES NOT appear to be a valid url

end

--[[--------------------------< L I N K _ T I T L E _ O K >------------------------------------ Use link_param_ok() to validate |<param>-link= value and its matching |<title>= value.

|<title>= may be wikilinked but not when |<param>-link= has a value. This function emits an error message when that condition exists ]] function link_title_ok (link, lorig, title, torig) local orig;

   if is_set (link) then                                                         -- don't bother if <param>-link doesn't have a value
       if not link_param_ok (link) then                                        -- check |<param>-link= markup
           orig = lorig;                                                        -- identify the failing link parameter
       elseif title:find ('%[%[') then                                            -- check |title= for wikilink markup
           orig = torig;                                                        -- identify the failing |title= parameter
       end
   end
   if is_set (orig) then
       table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'bad_paramlink', orig)});    -- url or wikilink in |title= with |title-link=;
   end

end


--[[--------------------------< C H E C K _ U R L >-------------------------------------------- Determines whether a URL string appears to be valid.

First we test for space characters. If any are found, return false. Then split the url into scheme and domain portions, or for protocol relative (//example.com) urls, just the domain. Use is_url() to validate the two portions of the url. If both are valid, or for protocol relative if domain is valid, return true, else false.

Because it is different from a standard url, and because this module used external_link() to make external links that work for standard and news: links, we validate newsgroup names here. The specification for a newsgroup name is at https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5536#section-3.1.4 ]] function check_url( url_str )

   if nil == url_str:match ("^%S+$") then                                        -- if there are any spaces in |url=value it can't be a proper url
       return false;
   end
   local scheme, domain;
   scheme, domain = split_url (url_str);                                        -- get scheme or nil and domain or nil from url;
   if 'news:' == scheme then                                                    -- special case for newsgroups
       return domain:match('^[%a%d%+%-_]+%.[%a%d%+%-_%.]*[%a%d%+%-_]$');
   end
   return is_url (scheme, domain);                                                -- return true if value appears to be a valid url

end


--[=[----------------------< I S _ P A R A M E T E R _ E X T _ W I K I L I N K >------------------ Return true if a parameter value has a string that begins and ends with square brackets [ and ] and the first non-space characters following the opening bracket appear to be a url. The test will also find external wikilinks that use protocol relative urls. Also finds bare urls.

The frontier pattern prevents a match on interwiki links which are similar to scheme:path urls. The tests that find bracketed urls are required because the parameters that call this test (currently |title=, |chapter=, |work=, and |publisher=) may have wikilinks and there are articles or redirects like '//Hus' so, while uncommon, |title=[[1]] is possible as might be en://Hus. ]=] function is_parameter_ext_wikilink (value) local scheme, domain;

   if value:match ('%f[%[]%[%a%S*:%S+.*%]') then                                -- if ext wikilink with scheme and domain: [xxxx://yyyyy.zzz]
       scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('%f[%[]%[(%a%S*:%S+).*%]'));
   elseif value:match ('%f[%[]%[2]') then                                -- if protocol relative ext wikilink: [3]
       scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('%f[%[]%[(//%S+).*%]'));
   elseif value:match ('%a%S*:%S+') then                                        -- if bare url with scheme; may have leading or trailing plain text
       scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('(%a%S*:%S+)'));
   elseif value:match ('//%S+') then                                            -- if protocol relative bare url: //yyyyy.zzz; may have leading or trailing plain text
       scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('(//%S+)'));                    -- what is left should be the domain
   else
       return false;                                                            -- didn't find anything that is obviously a url
   end
   return is_url (scheme, domain);                                                -- return true if value appears to be a valid url

end


--[[-------------------------< C H E C K _ F O R _ U R L >--------------------------------------- loop through a list of parameters and their values. Look at the value and if it has an external link, emit an error message. ]] function check_for_url (parameter_list) local error_message = ;

   for k, v in pairs (parameter_list) do                                        -- for each parameter in the list
       if is_parameter_ext_wikilink (v) then                                    -- look at the value; if there is a url add an error message
           if is_set(error_message) then                                        -- once we've added the first portion of the error message ...
               error_message=error_message .. ", ";                            -- ... add a comma space separator
           end
           error_message=error_message .. "|" .. k .. "=";                -- add the failed parameter
       end
   end
   if is_set (error_message) then                                                -- done looping, if there is an error message, display it
       table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'param_has_ext_link', {error_message}, true ) } );
   end

end


--[[--------------------------< S A F E _ F O R _ U R L >----------------------------------------- Escape sequences for content that will be used for URL descriptions ]] function safe_for_url( str )

   if str:match( "%[%[.-%]%]" ) ~= nil then
       return false
   end
   -- não ser wikilink não significa que não tenha colchetes
   return str:gsub( '[%[%]\n]', {
       ['['] = '[',
       [']'] = ']',
       ['\n'] = ' ' } )

end

--[[--------------------------< E X T E R N A L _ L I N K >-------------------------------------- Format an external link with error checking ]] function external_link( URL, label, source, access)

   local error_str = "";
   local domain;
   local path;
   local base_url;
   if not is_set( label ) then
       label = URL;
       if is_set( source ) then
           error_str = set_error( 'bare_url_missing_title', { wrap_style ('parameter', source) }, false, " " );
       else
           error( cfg.messages["bare_url_no_origin"] );
       end
   end
   if not check_url( URL ) then
       error_str = set_error( 'bad_url', {wrap_style ('parameter', source)}, false, " " ) .. error_str;
   end
   domain, path = URL:match ('^([/%.%-%+:%a%d]+)([/%?#].*)$');                    -- split the url into scheme plus domain and path
   if path then                                                                -- if there is a path portion
       path = path:gsub ('[%[%]]', {['[']='%5b',[']']='%5d'});                    -- replace '[' and ']' with their percent encoded values
       URL=domain..path;                                                        -- and reassemble
   end
   local safe_label = safe_for_url( label )
   if safe_label then
       base_url = table.concat({ "[", URL, " ", safe_label, "]" })
   else
       base_url = table.concat({ label, " [", URL, " ", "🔗]" })
   end
   if is_set(access) then -- access level (free, paywalled, ...)
       base_url = substitute(cfg.presentation[access], base_url);
   end
   return table.concat({ base_url, error_str });

end


--[[-----------------------< D E P R E C A T E D _ P A R A M E T E R >-------------------------- Categorize and emit an error message when the citation contains one or more deprecated parameters. The function includes the offending parameter name to the error message. Only one error message is emitted regardless of the number of deprecated parameters in the citation.

added_deprecated_cat is a boolean declared in page scope variables above ]] function deprecated_parameter(name)

   if not added_deprecated_cat then
       added_deprecated_cat = true;                                            -- note that we've added this category
       table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'deprecated_params', {name}, true ) } );        -- add error message
   end

end

--[[--------------------------< K E R N _ Q U O T E S >------------------------------------------ Apply kerning to open the space between the quote mark provided by the Module and a leading or trailing quote mark contained in a |title= or |chapter= parameter's value. This function will positive kern either single or double quotes:

   "'Unkerned title with leading and trailing single quote marks'"
   " 'Kerned title with leading and trailing single quote marks' " (in real life the kerning isn't as wide as this example)

Double single quotes (italic or bold wikimarkup) are not kerned.

Replaces unicode quotemarks with typewriter quote marks regardless of the need for kerning.

Call this function for chapter titles, for website titles, etc; not for book titles. ]] function kern_quotes (str)

   local cap=;
   local cap2=;
                                                                               -- TODO: move this elswhere so that all title-holding elements get these quote marks replaced?
   str= mw.ustring.gsub (str, '[“”]', '\"');                                    -- replace “” (U+201C & U+201D) with " (typewriter double quote mark)
   str= mw.ustring.gsub (str, '[‘’]', '\);                                    -- replace ‘’ (U+2018 & U+2019) with ' (typewriter single quote mark)
   cap, cap2 = str:match ("^([\"\'])([^\'].+)");                                -- match leading double or single quote but not double single quotes
   if is_set (cap) then
       str = substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-left'], {cap, cap2});
   end
   cap, cap2 = str:match ("^(.+[^\'])([\"\'])$")
   if is_set (cap) then
       str = substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-right'], {cap, cap2});
   end
   return str;

end

--[[--------------------------< F O R M A T _ S C R I P T _ V A L U E >--------------------------- |script-title= holds title parameters that are not written in Latin based scripts: Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, Hebrew, etc. These scripts should not be italicized and may be written right-to-left. The value supplied by |script-title= is concatenated onto Title after Title has been wrapped in italic markup.

Regardless of language, all values provided by |script-title= are wrapped in ... tags to isolate rtl languages from the English left to right.

|script-title= provides a unique feature. The value in |script-title= may be prefixed with a two-character ISO639-1 language code and a colon:

   |script-title=ja:*** *** (where * represents a Japanese character)

Spaces between the two-character code and the colon and the colon and the first script character are allowed:

   |script-title=ja : *** ***
   |script-title=ja: *** ***
   |script-title=ja :*** ***

Spaces preceding the prefix are allowed: |script-title = ja:*** ***

The prefix is checked for validity. If it is a valid ISO639-1 language code, the lang attribute (lang="ja") is added to the tag so that browsers can know the language the tag contains. This may help the browser render the script more correctly. If the prefix is invalid, the lang attribute is not added. At this time there is no error message for this condition.

Supports |script-title= and |script-chapter=

TODO: error messages when prefix is invalid ISO639-1 code; when script_value has prefix but no script; ]] function format_script_value (script_value)

   local lang=;                                                                -- initialize to empty string
   local name;
   if script_value:match('^%l%l%s*:') then                                        -- if first 3 non-space characters are script language prefix
       lang = script_value:match('^(%l%l)%s*:%s*%S.*');                        -- get the language prefix or nil if there is no script
       if not is_set (lang) then
           return ;                                                            -- script_value was just the prefix so return empty string
       end
                                                                               -- if we get this far we have prefix and script
       name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName( lang, "pt" );                        -- get language name so that we can use it to categorize
       if is_set (name) then                                                    -- is prefix a proper ISO 639-1 language code?
           script_value = script_value:gsub ('^%l%l%s*:%s*', );                -- strip prefix from script
                                                                               -- is prefix one of these language codes?
           if in_array (lang, cfg.script_lang_codes) then
               add_prop_cat ('script_with_name', {name, lang})
           else
               add_prop_cat ('script')
           end
           lang = ' lang="' .. lang .. '" ';                                    -- convert prefix into a lang attribute
       else
           lang = ;                                                            -- invalid so set lang to empty string
       end
   end
   script_value = substitute (cfg.presentation['bdi'], {lang, script_value});    -- isolate in case script is rtl
   return script_value;

end

--[[--------------------------< S C R I P T _ C O N C A T E N A T E >----------------------------- Initially for |title= and |script-title=, this function concatenates those two parameter values after the script value has been wrapped in tags. ]] function script_concatenate (title, script)

   if is_set (script) then
       script = format_script_value (script);                                    --  tags, lang atribute, categorization, etc; returns empty string on error
       if is_set (script) then
           title = title .. ' ' .. script;                                        -- concatenate title and script title
       end
   end
   return title;

end


--[[--------------------------< W R A P _ M S G >------------------------------------------------- Applies additional message text to various parameter values. Supplied string is wrapped using a message_list configuration taking one argument. Supports lower case text for Predefinição:Citation templates. Additional text taken from citation_config.messages - the reason this function is similar to but separate from wrap_style(). ]] function wrap_msg (key, str, lower)

   if not is_set( str ) then
       return "";
   end
   if true == lower then
       local msg;
       msg = cfg.messages[key]:lower();                                        -- set the message to lower case before
       return substitute( msg, str );                                        -- including template text
   else
       return substitute( cfg.messages[key], str );
   end

end


--[[--------------------------< F O R M A T _ C H A P T E R _ T I T L E >----------------------- Format the four chapter parameters: |script-chapter=, |chapter=, |trans-chapter=, and |chapter-url= into a single Chapter meta- parameter (chapter_url_source used for error messages). ]] function format_chapter_title (scriptchapter, chapter, transchapter, chapterurl, chapter_url_source, no_quotes)

   local chapter_error = ;
   if not is_set (chapter) then
       chapter = ;                                                            -- to be safe for concatenation
   else
       if false == no_quotes then
           chapter = kern_quotes (chapter);                                        -- if necessary, separate chapter title's leading and trailing quote marks from Module provided quote marks
           chapter = wrap_style ('quoted-title', chapter);
       end
   end
   chapter = script_concatenate (chapter, scriptchapter)                        --  tags, lang atribute, categorization, etc; must be done after title is wrapped
   if is_set (transchapter) then
       transchapter = wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', transchapter);
       if is_set (chapter) then
           chapter = chapter ..  ' ' .. transchapter;
       else                                                                    -- here when transchapter without chapter or script-chapter
           chapter = transchapter;                                                --
           chapter_error = ' ' .. set_error ('trans_missing_title', {'capítulo'});
       end
   end
   if is_set (chapterurl) then
       chapter = external_link (chapterurl, chapter, chapter_url_source, nil);        -- adds bare_url_missing_title error if appropriate
   end
   return chapter .. chapter_error;

end

--[[--------------------------< H A S _ I N V I S I B L E _ C H A R S >----------------------------- This function searches a parameter's value for nonprintable or invisible characters. The search stops at the first match.

This function will detect the visible replacement character when it is part of the wikisource.

Detects but ignores nowiki and math stripmarkers. Also detects other named stripmarkers (gallery, math, pre, ref) and identifies them with a slightly different error message. See also coins_cleanup().

Detects but ignores the character pattern that results from the transclusion of Predefinição:' templates.

Output of this function is an error message that identifies the character or the Unicode group, or the stripmarker that was detected along with its position (or, for multi-byte characters, the position of its first byte) in the parameter value. ]] function has_invisible_chars (param, v)

   local position = ;                                                        -- position of invisible char or starting position of stripmarker
   local dummy;                                                                -- end of matching string; not used but required to hold end position when a capture is returned
   local capture;                                                                -- used by stripmarker detection to hold name of the stripmarker
   local i=1;
   local stripmarker, apostrophe;
   capture = string.match (v, '[%w%p ]*');                                        -- Test for values that are simple ASCII text and bypass other tests if true
   if capture == v then                                                        -- if same there are no unicode characters
       return;
   end
   while cfg.invisible_chars[i] do
       local char=cfg.invisible_chars[i][1]                                    -- the character or group name
       local pattern=cfg.invisible_chars[i][2]                                    -- the pattern used to find it
       position, dummy, capture = mw.ustring.find (v, pattern)                    -- see if the parameter value contains characters that match the pattern
       if position then
           if 'nowiki' == capture or 'math' == capture then                     -- nowiki, math stripmarker (not an error condition)
               stripmarker = true;                                                -- set a flag
           elseif true == stripmarker and 'delete' == char then                -- because stripmakers begin and end with the delete char, assume that we've found one end of a stripmarker
               position = nil;                                                    -- unset
           else
               local err_msg;
               if capture then
                   err_msg = capture .. ' ' .. char;
               else
                   err_msg = char .. ' ' .. 'character';
               end
               table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'invisible_char', {err_msg, wrap_style ('parameter', param), position}, true ) } );    -- add error message
               return;                                                            -- and done with this parameter
           end
       end
       i=i+1;                                                                    -- bump our index
   end

end


--[[-------------------------< A R G U M E N T _ W R A P P E R >----------------------------------- Argument wrapper. This function provides support for argument mapping defined in the configuration file so that multiple names can be transparently aliased to single internal variable. ]] function argument_wrapper( args )

   local origin = {};
   return setmetatable({
       ORIGIN = function( self, k )
           local dummy = self[k]; --force the variable to be loaded.
           return origin[k];
       end
   },
   {
       __index = function ( tbl, k )
           if origin[k] ~= nil then
               return nil;
           end
           local args, list, v = args, cfg.aliases[k];
           if type( list ) == 'table' then
               v, origin[k] = select_one( args, list, 'redundant_parameters' );
               if origin[k] == nil then
                   origin[k] = ; -- Empty string, not nil
               end
           elseif list ~= nil then
               v, origin[k] = args[list], list;
           else
               -- maybe let through instead of raising an error?
               -- v, origin[k] = args[k], k;
               error( cfg.messages['unknown_argument_map'] );
           end
           -- Empty strings, not nil;
           if v == nil then
               v = cfg.defaults[k] or ;
               origin[k] = ;
           end
           tbl = rawset( tbl, k, v );
           return v;
       end,
   });

end

--[[--------------------------< V A L I D A T E >------------------------------------------------- Looks for a parameter's name in the whitelist.

Parameters in the whitelist can have three values:

   true - active, supported parameters
   false - deprecated, supported parameters
   nil - unsupported parameters

]] function validate( name )

   local name = tostring( name );
   local state = whitelist.basic_arguments[ name ];
   -- Normal arguments
   if true == state then return true; end        -- valid actively supported parameter
   if false == state then
       deprecated_parameter (name);                -- parameter is deprecated but still supported
       return true;
   end
   -- Arguments with numbers in them
   name = name:gsub( "%d+", "#" );                -- replace digit(s) with # (last25 becomes last#
   state = whitelist.numbered_arguments[ name ];
   if true == state then return true; end        -- valid actively supported parameter
   if false == state then
       deprecated_parameter (name);                -- parameter is deprecated but still supported
       return true;
   end
   return false;                                -- Not supported because not found or name is set to nil

end


--[[--------------------------< N O W R A P _ D A T E >------------------------------------------ When date is YYYY-MM-DD format wrap in nowrap span: YYYY-MM-DD. When date is DD MMMM YYYY or is MMMM DD, YYYY then wrap in nowrap span: DD MMMM YYYY or MMMM DD, YYYY

DOES NOT yet support MMMM YYYY or any of the date ranges. ]] function nowrap_date (date)

   local cap=;
   local cap2=;
   if date:match("^%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d$") then
       date = substitute (cfg.presentation['nowrap1'], date);
   elseif date:match("^%a+%s*%d%d?,%s+%d%d%d%d$") or date:match ("^%d%d?%s*%a+%s+%d%d%d%d$") then
       cap, cap2 = string.match (date, "^(.*)%s+(%d%d%d%d)$");
       date = substitute (cfg.presentation['nowrap2'], {cap, cap2});
   end
   return date;

end

--[[--------------------------< S E T _ T I T L E T Y P E >---------------------------------------- This function sets default title types (equivalent to the citation including |type=<default value>) for those templates that have defaults. Also handles the special case where it is desirable to omit the title type from the rendered citation (|type=none). ]] function set_titletype (cite_class, title_type)

   if is_set(title_type) then
       if "none" == title_type then
           title_type = "";                                                    -- if |type=none then type parameter not displayed
       end
       return title_type;                                                        -- if |type= has been set to any other value use that value
   end
   return cfg.title_types [cite_class] or ;                                    -- set template's default title type; else empty string for concatenation

end


--[[--------------------------< H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H >--------------------------------- Converts a hyphen to a dash ]] function hyphen_to_dash( str )

   if not is_set(str) or str:match( "[%[%]{}<>]" ) ~= nil then
       return str;
   end
   return str:gsub( '-', '–' );

end


--[[--------------------------< S A F E _ J O I N >------------------------------------------------------------ Joins a sequence of strings together while checking for duplicate separation characters. ]] function safe_join( tbl, duplicate_char )

   --[[
   Note: we use string functions here, rather than ustring functions.
   This has considerably faster performance and should work correctly as
   long as the duplicate_char is strict ASCII.  The strings
   in tbl may be ASCII or UTF8.
   ]]
   local str = ;                                                                -- the output string
   local comp = ;                                                            -- what does 'comp' mean?
   local end_chr = ;
   local trim;
   for _, value in ipairs( tbl ) do
       if value == nil then value = ; end
       if str ==  then -- se a string de retorno ainda estiver vazia
           str = value -- assinala (primeiro) valor
       elseif value ~=  then
           if value:sub(1,1) == '<' then                                        -- Special case of values enclosed in spans and other markup.
               comp = value:gsub( "%b<>", "" );                                -- remove html markup (string -> string)
           else
               comp = value;
           end
                                                                               -- typically duplicate_char is sepc
           if comp:sub(1,1) == duplicate_char then                                -- is first charactier same as duplicate_char? why test first character?
                                                                               --   Because individual string segments often (always?) begin with terminal punct for th
                                                                               --   preceding segment: 'First element' .. 'sepc next element' .. etc?
               trim = false;
               end_chr = str:sub(-1,-1);                                        -- get the last character of the output string
               -- str = str .. "<HERE(enchr=" .. end_chr.. ")"                    -- debug stuff?
               if end_chr == duplicate_char then                                -- if same as separator
                   str = str:sub(1,-2);                                        -- remove it
               elseif end_chr == "'" then                                        -- if it might be wikimarkup
                   if str:sub(-3,-1) == duplicate_char .. "" then            -- if last three chars of str are sepc
                       str = str:sub(1, -4) .. "";                            -- remove them and add back 
                   elseif str:sub(-5,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]]" then        -- if last five chars of str are sepc]]
                       trim = true;                                            -- why? why do this and next differently from previous?
                   elseif str:sub(-4,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]" then        -- if last four chars of str are sepc]
                       trim = true;                                            -- same question
                   end
               elseif end_chr == "]" then                                        -- if it might be wikimarkup
                   if str:sub(-3,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]]" then            -- if last three chars of str are sepc]] wikilink
                       trim = true;
                   elseif str:sub(-2,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]" then            -- if last two chars of str are sepc] external link
                       trim = true;
                   elseif str:sub(-4,-1) == duplicate_char .. "]" then        -- normal case when |url=something & |title=Title.
                       trim = true;
                   end
               elseif end_chr == " " then                                        -- if last char of output string is a space
                   if str:sub(-2,-1) == duplicate_char .. " " then                -- if last two chars of str are <sepc><space>
                       str = str:sub(1,-3);                                    -- remove them both
                   end
               end
               if trim then
                   if value ~= comp then                                         -- value does not equal comp when value contains html markup
                       local dup2 = duplicate_char;
                       if dup2:match( "%A" ) then dup2 = "%" .. dup2; end        -- if duplicate_char not a letter then escape it
                       value = value:gsub( "(%b<>)" .. dup2, "%1", 1 )            -- remove duplicate_char if it follows html markup
                   else
                       value = value:sub( 2, -1 );                                -- remove duplicate_char when it is first character
                   end
               end
           end
           str = str .. value;                                                    --add it to the output string
       end
   end
   return str;

end


--[[--------------------------< I S _ S U F F I X >--------------------------------------------- returns true is suffix is properly formed Jr, Sr, or ordinal in the range 2–9. Puncutation not allowed. ]] function is_suffix (suffix)

   if in_array (suffix, {'Jr', 'Sr', '2nd', '3rd'}) or suffix:match ('^%dth$') then
       return true;
   end
   return false;

end

--[[--------------------------< I S _ G O O D _ V A N C _ N A M E >------------------------------ For Vancouver Style, author/editor names are supposed to be rendered in Latin (read ASCII) characters. When a name uses characters that contain diacritical marks, those characters are to converted to the corresponding Latin character. When a name is written using a non-Latin alphabet or logogram, that name is to be transliterated into Latin characters. These things are not currently possible in this module so are left to the editor to do.

This test allows |first= and |last= names to contain any of the letters defined in the four Unicode Latin character sets

   C0 Controls and Basic Latin 0041–005A, 0061–007A
   C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement 00C0–00D6, 00D8–00F6, 00F8–00FF
   Latin Extended-A 0100–017F
   Latin Extended-B 0180–01BF, 01C4–024F

|lastn= also allowed to contain hyphens, spaces, and apostrophes. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35029/) |firstn= also allowed to contain hyphens, spaces, apostrophes, and periods

This original test:

   if nil == mw.ustring.find (last, "^[A-Za-zÀ-ÖØ-öø-ƿDŽ-ɏ%-%s%']*$") or nil == mw.ustring.find (first, "^[A-Za-zÀ-ÖØ-öø-ƿDŽ-ɏ%-%s%'%.]+[2-6%a]*$") then

was written ouside of the code editor and pasted here because the code editor gets confused between character insertion point and cursor position. The test has been rewritten to use decimal character escape sequence for the individual bytes of the unicode characters so that it is not necessary to use an external editor to maintain this code.

   \195\128-\195\150 – À-Ö (U+00C0–U+00D6 – C0 controls)
   \195\152-\195\182 – Ø-ö (U+00D8-U+00F6 – C0 controls)
   \195\184-\198\191 – ø-ƿ (U+00F8-U+01BF – C0 controls, Latin extended A & B)
   \199\132-\201\143 – DŽ-ɏ (U+01C4-U+024F – Latin extended B)

]] function is_good_vanc_name (last, first)

   local first, suffix = first:match ('(.-),?%s*([%dJS][%drndth]+)%.?$') or first;        -- if first has something that looks like a generational suffix, get it
   if is_set (suffix) then
       if not is_suffix (suffix) then
           add_vanc_error ('suffix');
           return false;                                                        -- not a name with an appropriate suffix
       end
   end
   if nil == mw.ustring.find (last, "^[A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143%-%s%']*$") or
       nil == mw.ustring.find (first, "^[A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143%-%s%'%.]*$") then
           add_vanc_error ('non-Latin character');
           return false;                                                        -- not a string of latin characters; Vancouver requires Romanization
   end;
   return true;

end

--[[--------------------------< R E D U C E _ T O _ I N I T I A L S >------------------------------------------ Attempts to convert names to initials in support of |name-list-format=vanc.

Names in |firstn= may be separated by spaces or hyphens, or for initials, a period. See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35062/.

Vancouver style requires family rank designations (Jr, II, III, etc) to be rendered as Jr, 2nd, 3rd, etc. See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35085/. This code only accepts and understands generational suffix in the Vancouver format because Roman numerals look like, and can be mistaken for, initials.

This function uses ustring functions because firstname initials may be any of the unicode Latin characters accepted by is_good_vanc_name (). ]] function reduce_to_initials(first)

   local name, suffix = mw.ustring.match(first, "^(%u+) ([%dJS][%drndth]+)$");
   if not name then                                                            -- if not initials and a suffix
       name = mw.ustring.match(first, "^(%u+)$");                                -- is it just intials?
   end
   if name then                                                                -- if first is initials with or without suffix
       if 3 > name:len() then                                                    -- if one or two initials
           if suffix then                                                        -- if there is a suffix
               if is_suffix (suffix) then                                        -- is it legitimate?
                   return first;                                                -- one or two initials and a valid suffix so nothing to do
               else
                   add_vanc_error ('suffix');                                    -- one or two initials with invalid suffix so error message
                   return first;                                                -- and return first unmolested
               end
           else
               return first;                                                    -- one or two initials without suffix; nothing to do
           end
       end
   end                                                                            -- if here then name has 3 or more uppercase letters so treat them as a word


   local initials, names = {}, {};                                                -- tables to hold name parts and initials
   local i = 1;                                                                -- counter for number of initials
   names = mw.text.split (first, '[%s,]+');                                    -- split into a table of names and possible suffix
   while names[i] do                                                            -- loop through the table
       if 1 < i and names[i]:match ('[%dJS][%drndth]+%.?$') then                -- if not the first name, and looks like a suffix (may have trailing dot)
           names[i] = names[i]:gsub ('%.', );                                -- remove terminal dot if present
           if is_suffix (names[i]) then                                        -- if a legitimate suffix
               table.insert (initials, ' ' .. names[i]);                        -- add a separator space, insert at end of initials table
               break;                                                            -- and done because suffix must fall at the end of a name
           end                                                                    -- no error message if not a suffix; possibly because of Romanization
       end
       if 3 > i then
           table.insert (initials, mw.ustring.sub(names[i],1,1));                -- insert the intial at end of initials table
       end
       i = i+1;                                                                -- bump the counter
   end
   return table.concat(initials)                                                -- Vancouver format does not include spaces.

end

--[[--------------------------< L I S T _ P E O P L E >------------------------------------------------------- Formats a list of people (e.g. authors / editors) ]] function list_people(control, people, etal)

   local sep;
   local namesep;
   local format = control.format
   local maximum = control.maximum
   local lastauthoramp = control.lastauthoramp;
   local text = {}
   if 'vanc' == format then                                                    -- Vancouver-like author/editor name styling?
       sep = ',';                                                                -- name-list separator between authors is a comma
       namesep = ' ';                                                            -- last/first separator is a space
   elseif 'mla' == control.mode then
       sep = ',';                                                                -- name-list separator between authors is a comma
       namesep = ', '                                                            -- last/first separator is <comma><space>
   else
       sep = ';'                                                                -- name-list separator between authors is a semicolon
       namesep = ', '                                                            -- last/first separator is <comma><space>
   end
   if sep:sub(-1,-1) ~= " " then sep = sep .. " " end
   if is_set (maximum) and maximum < 1 then return "", 0; end                    -- returned 0 is for EditorCount; not used for authors
   for i,person in ipairs(people) do
       if is_set(person.last) then
           local mask = person.mask
           local one
           local sep_one = sep;
           if is_set (maximum) and i > maximum then
               etal = true;
               break;
           elseif (mask ~= nil) then
               local n = tonumber(mask)
               if (n ~= nil) then
                   one = string.rep("—",n)
               else
                   one = mask;
                   sep_one = " ";
               end
           else
               one = person.last
               local first = person.first
               if is_set(first) then
                   if 'mla' == control.mode then
                       if i == 1 then                                            -- for mla
                           one = one .. namesep .. first;                        -- first name last, first
                       else                                                    -- all other names
                           one = first .. ' ' .. one;                            -- first last
                       end
                   else
                       if ( "vanc" == format ) then                                -- if vancouver format
                           one = one:gsub ('%.', );                                -- remove periods from surnames (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35029/)
                           if not person.corporate and is_good_vanc_name (one, first) then                    -- and name is all Latin characters; corporate authors not tested
                               first = reduce_to_initials(first)                    -- attempt to convert first name(s) to initials
                           end
                       end
                       one = one .. namesep .. first;
                   end
               end
               if is_set(person.link) and person.link ~= control.page_name then
                   one = "" .. one .. ""                -- link author/editor if this page is not the author's/editor's page
               end
           end
           table.insert( text, one )
           table.insert( text, sep_one )
       end
   end
   local count = #text / 2;                                                    -- (number of names + number of separators) divided by 2
   if count > 0 then
       if count > 1 and is_set(lastauthoramp) and not etal then
           if 'mla' == control.mode then
               text[#text-2] = ", e ";                                        -- replace last separator with ', and ' text
           else
               text[#text-2] = " & ";                                            -- replace last separator with ampersand text
           end
       end
       text[#text] = nil;                                                        -- erase the last separator
   end
   local result = table.concat(text)                                            -- construct list
   if etal and is_set (result) then                                            -- etal may be set by |display-authors=etal but we might not have a last-first list
       result = result .. sep .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'];                    -- we've go a last-first list and etal so add et al.
   end
   return result, count

end

--[[--------------------------< A N C H O R _ I D >------------------------------------------------------------ Generates a CITEREF anchor ID if we have at least one name or a date. Otherwise returns an empty string.

namelist is one of the contributor-, author-, or editor-name lists chosen in that order. year is Year or anchor_year. ]] function anchor_id (namelist, year)

   local names={};                                                                -- a table for the one to four names and year
   for i,v in ipairs (namelist) do                                                -- loop through the list and take up to the first four last names
       names[i] = v.last
       if i == 4 then break end                                                -- if four then done
   end
   table.insert (names, year);                                                    -- add the year at the end
   local id = table.concat(names);                                                -- concatenate names and year for CITEREF id
   if is_set (id) then                                                            -- if concatenation is not an empty string
       return "CITEREF" .. id;                                                    -- add the CITEREF portion
   else
       return ;                                                                -- return an empty string; no reason to include CITEREF id in this citation
   end

end


--[[--------------------------< N A M E _ H A S _ E T A L >---------------------------------------------------- Evaluates the content of author and editor name parameters for variations on the theme of et al. If found, the et al. is removed, a flag is set to true and the function returns the modified name and the flag.

This function never sets the flag to false but returns it's previous state because it may have been set by previous passes through this function or by the parameters |display-authors=etal or |display-editors=etal ]] function name_has_etal (name, etal, nocat)

   if is_set (name) then                                                        -- name can be nil in which case just return
       local etal_pattern = "[;,]? *[\"']*%f[%a][Ee][Tt] *[Aa][Ll][%.\"']*$"    -- variations on the 'et al' theme
       local others_pattern = "[;,]? *%f[%a]and [Oo]thers";                    -- and alternate to et al.
       if name:match (etal_pattern) then                                        -- variants on et al.
           name = name:gsub (etal_pattern, );                                -- if found, remove
           etal = true;                                                        -- set flag (may have been set previously here or by |display-authors=etal)
           if not nocat then                                                    -- no categorization for |vauthors=
               add_maint_cat ('etal');                                            -- and add a category if not already added
           end
       elseif name:match (others_pattern) then                                    -- if not 'et al.', then 'and others'?
           name = name:gsub (others_pattern, );                                -- if found, remove
           etal = true;                                                        -- set flag (may have been set previously here or by |display-authors=etal)
           if not nocat then                                                    -- no categorization for |vauthors=
               add_maint_cat ('etal');                                            -- and add a category if not already added
           end
       end
   end
   return name, etal;                                                            --

end

--[[--------------------------< N A M E _ H A S _ M U L T _ N A M E S >---------------------------- Evaluates the content of author and editor (surnames only) parameters for multiple names. Multiple names are indicated if there is more than one comma and or semicolon. If found, the function adds the multiple name (author or editor) maintenance category. ]] function name_has_mult_names (name, list_name) local count, _;

   if is_set (name) then
       if name:match ('^%(%(.*%)%)$') then                                        -- if wrapped in doubled parentheses, ignore
           name = name:match ('^%(%((.*)%)%)$');                                -- strip parens
       else
           _, count = name:gsub ('[;,]', );                                    -- count the number of separator-like characters
           if 1 < count then                                                    -- param could be |author= or |editor= so one separactor character is acceptable
               add_maint_cat ('mult_names', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);    -- more than one separator indicates multiple names so add a maint cat for this template
           end
       end
   end
   return name;                                                                -- and done

end

--[[--------------------------< E X T R A C T _ N A M E S >--------------------------------------- Gets name list from the input arguments

Searches through args in sequential order to find |lastn= and |firstn= parameters (or their aliases), and their matching link and mask parameters. Stops searching when both |lastn= and |firstn= are not found in args after two sequential attempts: found |last1=, |last2=, and |last3= but doesn't find |last4= and |last5= then the search is done.

This function emits an error message when there is a |firstn= without a matching |lastn=. When there are 'holes' in the list of last names, |last1= and |last3= are present but |last2= is missing, an error message is emitted. |lastn= is not required to have a matching |firstn=.

When an author or editor parameter contains some form of 'et al.', the 'et al.' is stripped from the parameter and a flag (etal) returned that will cause list_people() to add the static 'et al.' text from Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration. This keeps 'et al.' out of the template's metadata. When this occurs, the page is added to a maintenance category. ]] function extract_names(args, list_name)

   local names = {};            -- table of names
   local last;                    -- individual name components
   local first;
   local link;
   local mask;
   local i = 1;                -- loop counter/indexer
   local n = 1;                -- output table indexer
   local count = 0;            -- used to count the number of times we haven't found a |last= (or alias for authors, |editor-last or alias for editors)
   local etal=false;            -- return value set to true when we find some form of et al. in an author parameter
   local err_msg_list_name = list_name:match ("(%w+)List") .. 's list';        -- modify AuthorList or EditorList for use in error messages if necessary
   while true do
       last = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'redundant_parameters', i );        -- search through args for name components beginning at 1
       first = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'redundant_parameters', i );
       link = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Link'], 'redundant_parameters', i );
       mask = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Mask'], 'redundant_parameters', i );
       last, etal = name_has_etal (last, etal, false);                            -- find and remove variations on et al.
       first, etal = name_has_etal (first, etal, false);                        -- find and remove variations on et al.

-- last = name_has_mult_names (last, err_msg_list_name); -- check for multiple names in last and its aliases

       last = name_has_mult_names (last, list_name);                    -- check for multiple names in last and its aliases
       if first and not last then                                                -- if there is a firstn without a matching lastn
           table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'first_missing_last', {err_msg_list_name, i}, true ) } );    -- add this error message
       elseif not first and not last then                                        -- if both firstn and lastn aren't found, are we done?
           count = count + 1;                                                    -- number of times we haven't found last and first
           if 2 <= count then                                                    -- two missing names and we give up
               break;                                                            -- normal exit or there is a two-name hole in the list; can't tell which
           end
       else                                                                    -- we have last with or without a first
           link_title_ok (link, list_name:match ("(%w+)List"):lower() .. '-link' .. i, last, list_name:match ("(%w+)List"):lower() .. '-last' .. i);    -- check for improper wikimarkup
           names[n] = {last = last, first = first, link = link, mask = mask, corporate=false};    -- add this name to our names list (corporate for |vauthors= only)
           n = n + 1;                                                            -- point to next location in the names table
           if 1 == count then                                                    -- if the previous name was missing
               table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'missing_name', {err_msg_list_name, i-1}, true ) } );        -- add this error message
           end
           count = 0;                                                            -- reset the counter, we're looking for two consecutive missing names
       end
       i = i + 1;                                                                -- point to next args location
   end
   return names, etal;                                                            -- all done, return our list of names

end

--[[--------------------------< G E T _ I S O 6 3 9 _ C O D E >---------------------------------- Validates language names provided in |language= parameter if not an ISO639-1 or 639-2 code.

Returns the language name and associated two- or three-character code. Because case of the source may be incorrect or different from the case that WikiMedia uses, the name comparisons are done in lower case and when a match is found, the Wikimedia version (assumed to be correct) is returned along with the code. When there is no match, we return the original language name string.

mw.language.fetchLanguageNames(<local wiki language>, 'all') return a list of languages that in some cases may include extensions. For example, code 'cbk-zam' and its associated name 'Chavacano de Zamboanga' (MediaWiki does not support code 'cbk' or name 'Chavacano'.

Names but that are included in the list will be found if that name is provided in the |language= parameter. For example, if |language=Chavacano de Zamboanga, that name will be found with the associated code 'cbk-zam'. When names are found and the associated code is not two or three characters, this function returns only the Wikimedia language name.

Adapted from code taken from Module:Check ISO 639-1. ]] function get_iso639_code (lang, this_wiki_code)

   local languages = mw.language.fetchLanguageNames(this_wiki_code, 'all')        -- get a list of language names known to Wikimedia
                                                                               -- ('all' is required for North Ndebele, South Ndebele, and Ojibwa)
   local langlc = mw.ustring.lower(lang);                                        -- lower case version for comparisons
   for code, name in pairs(languages) do                                        -- scan the list to see if we can find our language
       if langlc == mw.ustring.lower(name) then
           if 2 ~= code:len() and 3 ~= code:len() then                            -- two- or three-character codes only; extensions not supported
               return name;                                                    -- so return the name but not the code
           end
           return name, code;                                                    -- found it, return name to ensure proper capitalization and the the code
       end
   end
   return lang;                                                                -- not valid language; return language in original case and nil for the code

end

--[[--------------------------< L A N G U A G E _ P A R A M E T E R >------------------------------ Gets language name from a provided two- or three-character ISO 639 code. If a code is recognized by MediaWiki, use the returned name; if not, then use the value that was provided with the language parameter.

When |language= contains a recognized language (either code or name), the page is assigned to the category for that code: Category:Norwegian-language sources (no). For valid three-character code languages, the page is assigned to the single category for '639-2' codes: Category:CS1 ISO 639-2 language sources.

Languages that are the same as the local wiki are not categorized. MediaWiki does not recognize three-character equivalents of two-character codes: code 'ar' is recognized bit code 'ara' is not.

This function supports multiple languages in the form |language=nb, French, th where the language names or codes are separated from each other by commas. ]] function language_parameter (lang)

   local code;                                                                    -- the two- or three-character language code
   local name;                                                                    -- the language name
   local language_list = {};                                                    -- table of language names to be rendered
   local names_table = {};                                                        -- table made from the value assigned to |language=
   local this_wiki = mw.getContentLanguage();                                    -- get a language object for this wiki
   local this_wiki_code = this_wiki:getCode()                                    -- get this wiki's language code
   local this_wiki_name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName(this_wiki_code, this_wiki_code);    -- get this wiki's language name
   names_table = mw.text.split (lang, '%s*,%s*');                                -- names should be a comma separated list
   for _, lang in ipairs (names_table) do                                        -- reuse lang
       if lang:match ('^%a%a%-') then                                            -- strip ietf language tags from code; TODO: is there a need to support 3-char with tag?
           lang = lang:match ('(%a%a)%-')                                        -- keep only 639-1 code portion to lang; TODO: do something with 3166 alpha 2 country code?
       end
       if 2 == lang:len() or 3 == lang:len() then                                -- if two-or three-character code
           name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName( lang:lower(), this_wiki_code);    -- get language name if |language= is a proper code
       end
       if is_set (name) then                                                    -- if |language= specified a valid code
           code = lang:lower();                                                -- save it
       else
           name, code = get_iso639_code (lang, this_wiki_code);                -- attempt to get code from name (assign name here so that we are sure of proper capitalization)
       end
       if is_set (code) then                                                    -- only 2- or 3-character codes
           if this_wiki_code ~= code then                                        -- when the language is not the same as this wiki's language
               if 2 == code:len() then                                            -- and is a two-character code
                   add_prop_cat ('foreign_lang_source', {name, code})            -- categorize it
               else                                                            -- or is a recognized language (but has a three-character code)
                   add_prop_cat ('foreign_lang_source_2', {code})                -- categorize it differently TODO: support mutliple three-character code categories per cs1|2 template
               end
           end
       else
           add_maint_cat ('unknown_lang');                                        -- add maint category if not already added
       end
       table.insert (language_list, name);
       name = ;                                                                -- so we can reuse it
   end
   code = #language_list                                                        -- reuse code as number of languages in the list
   if 2 >= code then
       name = table.concat (language_list, ' e ')                            -- insert '<space>and<space>' between two language names
   elseif 2 < code then
       language_list[code] = 'e ' .. language_list[code];                    -- prepend last name with 'and<space>'
       name = table.concat (language_list, ', ')                                -- and concatenate with '<comma><space>' separators
   end
   if this_wiki_name == name then
       return ;                                                                -- if one language and that language is this wiki's return an empty string (no annotation)
   end
   return (" " .. wrap_msg ('language', name));                                -- otherwise wrap with '(in ...)'
   --[[ TODO: should only return blank or name rather than full list
   so we can clean up the bunched parenthetical elements Language, Type, Format
   ]]

end

--[[--------------------------< S E T _ S T Y L E >----------------------------------------- Estabelece as configurações básicas de estilo para ser usado na rederização da citação. ]] function set_style (mode, ps, ref)

   local sep
   if 'cs2' == mode then -- caso a citação for pra ser renderizado com estilo CS2
       if not is_set (ref) then -- se |ref= não está definido
           ref = "harv" -- o padrão é |ref=harv
       end
       sep = ',' -- separador é uma vírgula
   else -- caso a citação for estilo mla, CS1, ou não definido
       sep = '.'
   end
   -- se assinalado como 'none' então apaga-se
   if (not ps) or 'none' == ps:lower() then
       ps = 
   end
   return sep, ps, ref

end

--[=[-------------------------< I S _ P D F >---------------------------------------------- Determines if a url has the file extension that is one of the pdf file extensions used by MediaWiki:Common.css when applying the pdf icon to external links.

returns true if file extension is one of the recognized extension, else false ]=] function is_pdf (url)

   return url:match ('%.pdf[%?#]?') or url:match ('%.PDF[%?#]?');

end

--[[--------------------------< S T Y L E _ F O R M A T >------------------------------------------------------ Applies css style to |format=, |chapter-format=, etc. Also emits an error message if the format parameter does not have a matching url parameter. If the format parameter is not set and the url contains a file extension that is recognized as a pdf document by MediaWiki's commons.css, this code will set the format parameter to (PDF) with the appropriate styling. ]] function style_format (format, url, fmt_param, url_param)

   if is_set (format) then
       format = wrap_style ('format', format);                                    -- add leading space, parenthases, resize
       if not is_set (url) then
           format = format .. set_error( 'format_missing_url', {fmt_param, url_param} );    -- add an error message
       end
   elseif is_pdf (url) then                                                    -- format is not set so if url is a pdf file then
       format = wrap_style ('format', 'PDF');                                    -- set format to pdf
   else
       format = ;                                                            -- empty string for concatenation
   end
   return format;

end

--[[----------------< G E T _ D I S P L A Y _ A U T H O R S _ E D I T O R S >---------------------- Returns a number that defines the number of names displayed for author and editor name lists and a boolean flag to indicate when et al. should be appended to the name list.

When the value assigned to |display-xxxxors= is a number greater than or equal to zero, return the number and the previous state of the 'etal' flag (false by default but may have been set to true if the name list contains some variant of the text 'et al.').

When the value assigned to |display-xxxxors= is the keyword 'etal', return a number that is one greater than the number of authors in the list and set the 'etal' flag true. This will cause the list_people() to display all of the names in the name list followed by 'et al.'

In all other cases, returns nil and the previous state of the 'etal' flag.

inputs:

   max: A['DisplayAuthors'] or A['DisplayEditors']; a number or some flavor of etal
   count: #a or #e
   list_name: 'authors' or 'editors'
   etal: author_etal or editor_etal

]] function get_display_authors_editors (max, count, list_name, etal)

   if is_set (max) then
       if 'etal' == max:lower():gsub("[ '%.]", ) then                        -- the :gsub() portion makes 'etal' from a variety of 'et al.' spellings and stylings
           max = count + 1;                                                    -- number of authors + 1 so display all author name plus et al.
           etal = true;                                                        -- overrides value set by extract_names()
       elseif max:match ('^%d+$') then                                            -- if is a string of numbers
           max = tonumber (max);                                                -- make it a number
           if max >= count then                                                -- if |display-xxxxors= value greater than or equal to number of authors/editors
               add_maint_cat ('disp_auth_ed', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);
           end
       else                                                                    -- not a valid keyword or number
           table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'invalid_param_val', {'display-' .. list_name, max}, true ) } );        -- add error message
           max = nil;                                                            -- unset; as if |display-xxxxors= had not been set
       end
   end
   return max, etal;

end

--[[--------------------< E X T R A _ T E X T _ I N _ P A G E _ C H E C K >---------------------- Adds page to Category:CS1 maint: extra text if |page= or |pages= has what appears to be some form of p. or pp. abbreviation in the first characters of the parameter content.

check Page and Pages for extraneous p, p., pp, and pp. at start of parameter value:

   good pattern: '^P[^%.P%l]' matches when |page(s)= begins PX or P# but not Px where x and X are letters and # is a dgiit
   bad pattern: '^[Pp][Pp]' matches matches when |page(s)= begins pp or pP or Pp or PP

]] function extra_text_in_page_check (page) -- local good_pattern = '^P[^%.P%l]';

   local good_pattern = '^P[^%.Pp]';                                            -- ok to begin with uppercase P: P7 (pg 7 of section P) but not p123 (page 123) TODO: add Gg for PG or Pg?

-- local bad_pattern = '^[Pp][Pp]';

   local bad_pattern = '^[Pp]?[Pp]%.?[ %d]';
   if not page:match (good_pattern) and (page:match (bad_pattern) or  page:match ('^[Pp]ages?')) then
       add_maint_cat ('extra_text');
   end

end


--[[--------------------------< G E T _ V _ N A M E _ T A B L E >----------------------------------------------

split apart a |vautthors= or |veditors= parameter. This function allows for corporate names, wrapped in doubled parentheses to also have commas; in the old version of the code, the doubled parnetheses were included in the rendered citation and in the metadata.

   |vauthors=Jones AB, White EB, ((Black, Brown, and Co.))

This code is experimental and may not be retained.

]] function get_v_name_table (vparam, output_table)

   local name_table = mw.text.split(vparam, "%s*,%s*");                        -- names are separated by commas
   local i = 1;
   while name_table[i] do
       if name_table[i]:match ('^%(%(.*[^%)][^%)]$') then                        -- first segment of corporate with one or more commas; this segment has the opening doubled parens
           local name = name_table[i];
           i=i+1;                                                                -- bump indexer to next segment
           while name_table[i] do
               name = name .. ', ' .. name_table[i];                            -- concatenate with previous segments
               if name_table[i]:match ('^.*%)%)$') then                        -- if this table member has the closing doubled parens
                   break;                                                        -- and done reassembling so
               end
               i=i+1;                                                            -- bump indexer
           end
           table.insert (output_table, name);                                    -- and add corporate name to the output table
       else
           table.insert (output_table, name_table[i]);                            -- add this name
       end
       i = i+1;
   end
   return output_table;

end

--[[--------------------------< P A R S E _ V A U T H O R S _ V E D I T O R S >-------------------------------- This function extracts author / editor names from |vauthors= or |veditors= and finds matching |xxxxor-maskn= and |xxxxor-linkn= in args. It then returns a table of assembled names just as extract_names() does.

Author / editor names in |vauthors= or |veditors= must be in Vancouver system style. Corporate or institutional names may sometimes be required and because such names will often fail the is_good_vanc_name() and other format compliance tests, are wrapped in doubled paranethese ((corporate name)) to suppress the format tests.

Supports generational suffixes Jr, 2nd, 3rd, 4th–6th.

This function sets the vancouver error when a reqired comma is missing and when there is a space between an author's initials. ]] function parse_vauthors_veditors (args, vparam, list_name)

   local names = {};                                                            -- table of names assembled from |vauthors=, |author-maskn=, |author-linkn=
   local v_name_table = {};
   local etal = false;                                                            -- return value set to true when we find some form of et al. vauthors parameter
   local last, first, link, mask, suffix;
   local corporate = false;
   vparam, etal = name_has_etal (vparam, etal, true);                            -- find and remove variations on et al. do not categorize (do it here because et al. might have a period)
   if vparam:find ('%[%[') or vparam:find ('%]%]')    then                        -- no wikilinking vauthors names
       add_vanc_error ('wikilink');
   end
   v_name_table = get_v_name_table (vparam, v_name_table);                        -- names are separated by commas
   for i, v_name in ipairs(v_name_table) do
       if v_name:match ('^%(%(.+%)%)$') then                                    -- corporate authors are wrapped in doubled parentheses to supress vanc formatting and error detection
           first = ;                                                            -- set to empty string for concatenation and because it may have been set for previous author/editor
           last = v_name:match ('^%(%((.+)%)%)$')                                -- remove doubled parntheses
           corporate = true;                                                    -- flag used in list_people()
       elseif string.find(v_name, "%s") then
           if v_name:find('[;%.]') then                                        -- look for commonly occurring punctuation characters;
               add_vanc_error ('punctuation');
           end
           local lastfirstTable = {}
           lastfirstTable = mw.text.split(v_name, "%s")
           first = table.remove(lastfirstTable);                                -- removes and returns value of last element in table which should be author intials
           if is_suffix (first) then                                            -- if a valid suffix
               suffix = first                                                    -- save it as a suffix and
               first = table.remove(lastfirstTable);                            -- get what should be the initials from the table
           end                                                                    -- no suffix error message here because letter combination may be result of Romanization; check for digits?
           last = table.concat(lastfirstTable, " ")                            -- returns a string that is the concatenation of all other names that are not initials
           if mw.ustring.match (last, '%a+%s+%u+%s+%a+') then
               add_vanc_error ('missing comma');                                -- matches last II last; the case when a comma is missing
           end
           if mw.ustring.match (v_name, ' %u %u$') then                        -- this test is in the wrong place TODO: move or replace with a more appropriate test
               add_vanc_error ('name');                                        -- matches a space between two intiials
           end
       else
           first = ;                                                            -- set to empty string for concatenation and because it may have been set for previous author/editor
           last = v_name;                                                        -- last name or single corporate name?  Doesn't support multiword corporate names? do we need this?
       end
       if is_set (first) then
           if not mw.ustring.match (first, "^%u?%u$") then                        -- first shall contain one or two upper-case letters, nothing else
               add_vanc_error ('initials');                                    -- too many initials; mixed case initials (which may be ok Romanization); hyphenated initials
           end
           is_good_vanc_name (last, first);                                    -- check first and last before restoring the suffix which may have a non-Latin digit
           if is_set (suffix) then
               first = first .. ' ' .. suffix;                                    -- if there was a suffix concatenate with the initials
               suffix = ;                                                    -- unset so we don't add this suffix to all subsequent names
           end
       else
           if not corporate then
               is_good_vanc_name (last, );
           end
       end
                                                                               -- this from extract_names ()
       link = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Link'], 'redundant_parameters', i );
       mask = select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Mask'], 'redundant_parameters', i );
       names[i] = {last = last, first = first, link = link, mask = mask, corporate=corporate};        -- add this assembled name to our names list
   end
   return names, etal;                                                            -- all done, return our list of names

end


--[[---------------------< S E L E C T _ A U T H O R _ E D I T O R _ S O U R C E >------------------ Select one of |authors=, |authorn= / |lastn / firstn=, or |vauthors= as the source of the author name list or select one of |editors=, |editorn= / editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn= or |veditors= as the source of the editor name list.

Only one of these appropriate three will be used. The hierarchy is: |authorn= (and aliases) highest and |authors= lowest and similarly, |editorn= (and aliases) highest and |editors= lowest

When looking for |authorn= / |editorn= parameters, test |xxxxor1= and |xxxxor2= (and all of their aliases); stops after the second test which mimicks the test used in extract_names() when looking for a hole in the author name list. There may be a better way to do this, I just haven't discovered what that way is.

Emits an error message when more than one xxxxor name source is provided.

In this function, vxxxxors = vauthors or veditors; xxxxors = authors or editors as appropriate. ]] function select_author_editor_source (vxxxxors, xxxxors, args, list_name) local lastfirst = false;

   if select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'none', 1 ) or        -- do this twice incase we have a |first1= without a |last1=; this ...
       select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'none', 1 ) or    -- ... also catches the case where |first= is used with |vauthors=
       select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'none', 2 ) or
       select_one( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'none', 2 ) then
           lastfirst=true;
   end
   if (is_set (vxxxxors) and true == lastfirst) or                                -- these are the three error conditions
       (is_set (vxxxxors) and is_set (xxxxors)) or
       (true == lastfirst and is_set (xxxxors)) then
           local err_name;
           if 'AuthorList' == list_name then                                    -- figure out which name should be used in error message
               err_name = 'author';
           else
               err_name = 'editor';
           end
           table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'redundant_parameters',
               {err_name .. '-name-list parameters'}, true ) } );                -- add error message
   end
   if true == lastfirst then return 1 end;                                        -- return a number indicating which author name source to use
   if is_set (vxxxxors) then return 2 end;
   if is_set (xxxxors) then return 3 end;
   return 1;                                                                    -- no authors so return 1; this allows missing author name test to run in case there is a first without last

end


--[[--------------------------< I S _ V A L I D _ P A R A M E T E R _ V A L U E >------------------------------ This function is used to validate a parameter's assigned value for those parameters that have only a limited number of allowable values (yes, y, true, no, etc). When the parameter value has not been assigned a value (missing or empty in the source template) the function refurns true. If the parameter value is one of the list of allowed values returns true; else, emits an error message and returns false. ]] function is_valid_parameter_value (value, name, possible)

   if not is_set (value) then
       return true;                                                            -- an empty parameter is ok
   elseif in_array(value:lower(), possible) then
       return true;
   else
       table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'invalid_param_val', {name, value}, true ) } );    -- not an allowed value so add error message
       return false
   end

end


--[[--------------------------< T E R M I N A T E _ N A M E _ L I S T >---------------------------------------- This function terminates a name list (author, contributor, editor) with a separator character (sepc) and a space when the last character is not a sepc character or when the last three characters are not sepc followed by two closing square brackets (close of a wikilink). When either of these is true, the name_list is terminated with a single space character. ]] function terminate_name_list (name_list, sepc)

   if (string.sub (name_list,-1,-1) == sepc) or (string.sub (name_list,-3,-1) == sepc .. ']]') then    -- if last name in list ends with sepc char
       return name_list .. " ";                                                -- don't add another
   else
       return name_list .. sepc .. ' ';                                        -- otherwise terninate the name list
   end

end


--[[-------------------------< F O R M A T _ V O L U M E _ I S S U E >---------------------------------------- returns the concatenation of the formatted volume and issue parameters as a single string; or formatted volume or formatted issue, or an empty string if neither are set. ]] function format_volume_issue(volume, issue, sepc, lower)

   if not is_set (volume) and not is_set (issue) then
       return 
   end
   local vol = 
   if is_set (volume) then
       if (4 < mw.ustring.len(volume)) then
           vol = substitute (cfg.messages['j-vol'], {sepc, volume})
       else
           vol = substitute (cfg.presentation['vol-bold'], {sepc, hyphen_to_dash(volume)})
       end
   end
   if is_set (issue) then
       return vol .. substitute (cfg.messages['j-issue'], issue)
   end
   return vol

end


--[[-------------------------< F O R M A T _ P A G E S _ S H E E T S >----------------------------------------- adds static text to one of |page(s)= values and returns it with all of the others set to empty strings. The return order is:

   page, pages

Singular has priority over plural when both are provided. ]] function format_pages(page, pages, sepc, nopp, lower, totalPages)

   local retorno = {, }
   if is_set(page) then
       if not nopp then
           retorno = { substitute(cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, page}), }
       else
           retorno = { substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, page}), }
       end
   elseif is_set(pages) then
       if not nopp then
           retorno = { , substitute (cfg.messages['pp-prefix'], {sepc, pages})}
       else
           retorno = { , substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, pages})}
       end
   end
   if is_set(totalPages) then
       retorno[2] = retorno[2] .. substitute (cfg.messages['total-p'], {sepc, totalPages})
   end
   return unpack(retorno)

end


--[=[---------------------< A R C H I V E _ U R L _ C H E C K >------------------------------------ Check archive.org urls to make sure they at least look like they are pointing at valid archives and not to the save snapshot url or to calendar pages. When the archive url is 'https://web.archive.org/save/' (or http://...) archive.org saves a snapshot of the target page in the url. That is something that Wikipedia should not allow unwitting readers to do.

When the archive.org url does not have a complete timestamp, archive.org chooses a snapshot according to its own algorithm or provides a calendar 'search' result. WP:ELNO discourages links to search results.

This function looks at the value assigned to |archive-url= and returns empty strings for |archive-url= and |archive-date= and an error message when:

   |archive-url= holds an archive.org save command url
   |archive-url= is an archive.org url that does not have a complete timestamp (YYYYMMDDhhmmss 14 digits) in the
       correct place

otherwise returns |archive-url= and |archive-date=

There are two mostly compatible archive.org urls:

   //web.archive.org/<timestamp>...        -- the old form
   //web.archive.org/web/<timestamp>...    -- the new form

The old form does not support or map to the new form when it contains a display flag. There are four identified flags ('id_', 'js_', 'cs_', 'im_') but since archive.org ignores others following the same form (two letters and an underscore) we don't check for these specific flags but we do check the form.

This function supports a preview mode. When the article is rendered in preview mode, this funct may return a modified archive url:

   for save command errors, return undated wildcard (/*/)
   for timestamp errors when the timestamp has a wildcard, return the url unmodified
   for timestamp errors when the timestamp does not have a wildcard, return with timestamp limited to six digits plus wildcard (/yyyymm*/)

]=] function archive_url_check (url, date)

   local err_msg = ;                                                            -- start with the error message empty
   local path, timestamp, flag;                                                -- portions of the archive.or url
   if not url:match('//web%.archive%.org/') then
       return url, date;                                                        -- not an archive.org archive, return ArchiveURL and ArchiveDate
   end
   if url:match('//web%.archive%.org/save/') then                                -- if a save command url, we don't want to allow saving of the target page
       err_msg = 'save command';
       url = url:gsub ('(//web%.archive%.org)/save/', '%1/*/', 1);                -- for preview mode: modify ArchiveURL
   else
       path, timestamp, flag = url:match('//web%.archive%.org/([^%d]*)(%d+)([^/]*)/');        -- split out some of the url parts for evaluation
       if not is_set(timestamp) or 14 ~= timestamp:len() then                    -- path and flag optional, must have 14-digit timestamp here
           err_msg = 'timestamp';
           if '*' ~= flag then
               url=url:gsub ('(//web%.archive%.org/[^%d]*%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?%d?)[^/]*', '%1*', 1)    -- for preview, modify ts to be yearmo* max (0-6 digits plus splat)
           end
       elseif is_set(path) and 'web/' ~= path then                                -- older archive urls do not have the extra 'web/' path element
           err_msg = 'path';
       elseif is_set (flag) and not is_set (path) then                            -- flag not allowed with the old form url (without the 'web/' path element)
           err_msg = 'flag';
       elseif is_set (flag) and not flag:match ('%a%a_') then                    -- flag if present must be two alpha characters and underscore (requires 'web/' path element)
           err_msg = 'flag';
       else
           return url, date;                                                    -- return archiveURL and ArchiveDate
       end
   end
                                                                               -- if here, something not right so
   table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error( 'archive_url', {err_msg}, true ) } );    -- add error message and
   if is_set (Frame:preprocess('250')) then
       return , ;                                                            -- return empty strings for archiveURL and ArchiveDate
   else
       return url, date;                                                        -- preview mode so return archiveURL and ArchiveDate
   end

end


--[[--------------------------< M I S S I N G _ P I P E _ C H E C K >------------------------------ Look at the contents of a parameter. If the content has a string of characters and digits followed by an equal sign, compare the alphanumeric string to the list of cs1|2 parameters. If found, then the string is possibly a parameter that is missing its pipe:

   Predefinição:Cite ...

cs1|2 shares some parameter names with xml/html atributes: class=, title=, etc. To prevent false positives xml/html tags are removed before the search.

If a missing pipe is detected, this function adds the missing pipe maintenance category. ]] function missing_pipe_check (value)

   local capture;
   value = value:gsub ('%b<>', );                                            -- remove xml/html tags because attributes: class=, title=, etc
   capture = value:match ('%s+(%a[%a%d]+)%s*=') or value:match ('^(%a[%a%d]+)%s*=');    -- find and categorize parameters with possible missing pipes
   if capture and validate (capture) then                                -- if the capture is a valid parameter name
       add_maint_cat ('missing_pipe');
   end

end


--[[--------------------------< C I T A T I O N 0 >------------------------------------------------------------ Esta é a função com as principais abstrações de formatação de citação. ]] function citation0( config, args, A)

   -- Vetor de parâmetros a ser passado para a próxima função
   local B = {}
   -- define parâmetros padrão definidos pelo parâmetro |mode=, se não definido usa CS1
   A.Mode = A.Mode:lower()
   if not is_valid_parameter_value (A.Mode, 'mode', cfg.keywords['mode']) then
       A.Mode = 
   end
   local author_etal;
   local a    = {} -- lista de autores em |lastn= / |firstn= ou |vauthors=
   do -- limita escopo de 'selected'
       local authors = 
       local selected = select_author_editor_source (A['Vauthors'], A['Authors'], args, 'AuthorList');
       if 1 == selected then
           a, author_etal = extract_names (args, 'AuthorList') -- busca lista de autores em |authorn= / |lastn= / |firstn=, |author-linkn=, |author-maskn=
       elseif 2 == selected then
           A.NameListFormat = 'vanc' -- sobrescreve o que tiver em |name-list-format=
           a, author_etal = parse_vauthors_veditors (args, args.vauthors, 'AuthorList') -- busca lista de autores em |vauthors=, |author-linkn=, |author-maskn=
       elseif 3 == selected then
           -- usar conteúdo d |authors=
           authors = A.Authors
           -- mas adiciona uma categoria de manutenção caso parâmetro for |authors=
           if in_array(A:ORIGIN('Authors'), {'autores', 'authors'}) then
               -- porque o uso deste parâmetro é desencorajado
               add_maint_cat ('authors')
           end
       end
       if is_set (A.Collaboration) then
           author_etal = true -- assim, |display-authors=etal não requerido
       end
       A.Authors = authors
   end
   local editor_etal
   local e    = {} -- lista de editores em |editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn= ou |veditors=
   do -- limita escopo da variável 'selected'
       local selected = select_author_editor_source (A.Veditors, A.Editors, args, 'EditorList')
       if 1 == selected then
           e, editor_etal = extract_names (args, 'EditorList') -- busca lista de editores em |editorn= / |editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn=, |editor-linkn=, |editor-maskn=
       elseif 2 == selected then
           A.NameListFormat = 'vanc' -- sobrescreve o que tiver em |name-list-format=
           e, editor_etal = parse_vauthors_veditors (args, args.veditors, 'EditorList') -- busca lista de editores em |veditors=, |editor-linkn=, |editor-maskn=
       elseif 3 == selected then
           B.Editors = A['Editors'] -- usa conteúdo de |editors=
           add_maint_cat ('editors') -- mas ad maint cat, o uso deste parâmetro é desencorajado
       end
   end
   local t = {} -- lista de tradutores em |translator-lastn= / translator-firstn=
   local Translators -- lista de nome de tradutores montada
   t = extract_names (args, 'TranslatorList') -- busca lista de tradutores em |translatorn=, |translator-lastn=, -firstn=, -linkn=, -maskn=
   local c = {} -- lista de contribuidores em |contributor-lastn= / contributor-firstn=
   -- |contributor= |contribution= suportado em citação de livro como Predefinição:Citation e Predefinição:Citar livro
   if config.usaContributor then
       c = extract_names (args, 'ContributorList') -- busca lista de contribuidor em |contributorn=, |contributor-lastn=, -firstn=, -linkn=, -maskn=
       if 0 < #c then
           if not is_set (A.Contribution) then -- |contributor= requer |contribution=
               table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('contributor_missing_required_param', 'contribuição')}) -- ad mensagem de erro de que falta contribuição
               c = {} -- esvazia a tabela de contribuidores; será usado como flag depois
           end
           if 0 == #a then -- |contributor= requer |author=
               table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('contributor_missing_required_param', 'autor')}) -- ad mensagem de erro de que falta autor
               c = {} -- esvazia a tabela de contribuidores; será usado como flag depois
           end
       end
   else -- se não for uma citação de livro
       if select_one (args, cfg.aliases['ContributorList-Last'], 'redundant_parameters', 1 ) then    -- há nome de contribuidor nos parâmetros de lista de nome?
           table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('contributor_ignored')}) -- mensagem de contribuidor ignorado
       end
       A.Contribution = nil
   end
   if not is_valid_parameter_value (A.NameListFormat, 'name-list-format', cfg.keywords['name-list-format']) then -- único valor aceito é 'vanc'
       A.NameListFormat =  -- qualquer outra coisa no lugar, esvaziar
   end
   -- verifica marcação wiki em |title-link= ou |title= se |title-link= for definido
   link_title_ok(A.TitleLink, A:ORIGIN ('TitleLink'), A.Title, 'title')
   A.ArchiveURL, A.ArchiveDate = archive_url_check (A['ArchiveURL'], A['ArchiveDate'])
   -- obter o nome do identificador das seguintes variáveis
   local URLorigin = A:ORIGIN('URL')
   local ChapterURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('ChapterURL')
   local Periodical_origin = A:ORIGIN('Periodical')
   local Chapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('Chapter')
   if not config.usaVolume then
       A.Volume = 
   end
   if not config.usaIssue then
       A.Issue = 
   end
   B.Position = ;
   if config.naoUsaPage then
       A.Page = 
       A.Pages = 
       A.TotalPages = 
       A.At = 
   else
       A.Pages = hyphen_to_dash(A.Pages)
   end
   if not is_valid_parameter_value(A.RegistrationRequired, 'registration', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y_sim_s']) then
       A.RegistrationRequired=nil
   end
   if not is_valid_parameter_value(A.SubscriptionRequired, 'subscription', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y_sim_s']) then
       A.SubscriptionRequired=nil
   end
   if not is_valid_parameter_value(A.UrlAccess, 'url-access', cfg.keywords ['url-access']) then
       A.UrlAccess = nil
   end
   if not is_set(A.URL) and is_set(A.UrlAccess) then
       A.UrlAccess = nil
       table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('param_access_requires_param', {'url'}, true )})
   end
   if is_set (A.UrlAccess) and is_set (A.SubscriptionRequired) then -- praticamente a mesma coisa
       table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('redundant_parameters', {wrap_style('parameter'
           , 'url-access') .. ' e ' .. wrap_style('parameter', 'subscrição')}, true)})
       A.SubscriptionRequired = nil -- preferir |access= sobre |subscription=
   end
   if is_set (A.UrlAccess) and is_set (A.RegistrationRequired) then -- contraditório
       table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('redundant_parameters', {wrap_style('parameter'
           , 'url-access') .. ' e ' .. wrap_style('parameter', 'registro')}, true)})
       A.RegistrationRequired = nil -- preferir |access= sobre |registration=
   end
   if not is_valid_parameter_value (A.IgnoreISBN, 'ignore-isbn-error', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y_sim_s']) then
       A.IgnoreISBN = nil -- qualquer outra coisa no lugar, esvaziar
   end
   local ID_list = config.ID_list
   if ID_list then
       config.ID_list = nil
   else
       ID_list = extract_ids( args )
   end
   local ID_access_levels = extract_id_access_levels( args, ID_list )
   local TranscriptURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('TranscriptURL') -- pega o nome do parâmetro TranscriptURL
   if not is_valid_parameter_value (A.LastAuthorAmp, 'last-author-amp', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y_sim_s']) then
       A.LastAuthorAmp = nil
   end
   if 'mla' == A.Mode then
       A.LastAuthorAmp = 'sim' -- substitui separador de último author/editor por ' e '
   end
   if not is_valid_parameter_value (A.NoTracking, 'no-tracking', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y_sim_s']) then
       A.NoTracking = nil
   end
   --variáveis locais não oriúndas de parâmetros
   local this_page = mw.title.getCurrentTitle() -- também usado para COinS e para língua
   local COinS_date = {} -- conterá informação de data extraída de |date= pro COinS
   if not is_valid_parameter_value(A.DF, 'df', cfg.keywords['date-format']) then -- validar palavra-chave para reformatar
       A.DF =  -- inválido, esvaziar
   end
   B.sepc, B.PostScript, B.Ref = set_style (A.Mode:lower(), A['PostScript'], A['Ref'])
   -- separador dos elementos da citação, sendo 'ponto' para CS1, 'vírgula' para CS2
   B.use_lowercase = ( B.sepc == ',' ) -- controle de uso do maiúsculo após ponto ou vírgula
   --verifica esta página para ver se é um domínio onde supõe-se não adicionar categorias de erro
   if not is_set (A.NoTracking) then -- ignora se já foi apontado para não categorizar a página
       if in_array (this_page.nsText, cfg.uncategorized_namespaces) then
           A.NoTracking = "true" -- define A.NoTracking
       end
       for _,v in ipairs (cfg.uncategorized_subpages) do
           if this_page.text:match (v) then -- testa nome da página com cada modelo
               A.NoTracking = "true" -- define A.NoTracking
               break -- sai do laço se encontrou algum
           end
       end
   end
   -- |publication-place= e |place= (|location=) permitido se diferentes
   if not is_set(A.PublicationPlace) and is_set(A.Place) then
       A.PublicationPlace = A.Place -- promove |place= (|location=) a |publication-place
   end
   if A.PublicationPlace == A.Place then
       A.Place =  -- não precisa de dois se são iguais
   end
   if is_set(A.TitleType) then -- se o parâmetro tipo estiver especificado
       A.TitleType = substitute(cfg.messages['type'], A.TitleType) -- mostra entre parentesis
   end

--[[ Testar todos os parâmetros que contêm data, certificando que são válidas. Deve ser feito antes de adicionar ao COinS para não estar errado nos metadados.

O código da validação de datas encontra-se em Módulo:Citação/CS1/ValidaçãoDatas ]]

   do -- cria escopo para conter variáveis locais de mensagem de erro etc
       if is_set(A.Year) then
           local d1, d2, d3 = A.Year:match('(%d%d%d)(%d)/(%d)')
           if d1 and d2 and d3 then
               A.Year = d1 .. d2 .. '–' .. d1 .. d3
           end
       end
       local error_message = 
       -- converter formato de dada do padrão xx/xx/xxxx para o padrão utilizado
       local convertDate = require('Módulo:Conversor de data')
       A.AccessDate, A.ArchiveDate, A.Date, A.DoiBroken, A.Embargo, A.LayDate, A.PublicationDate =
           convertDate.main({args = {A.AccessDate}}),
           convertDate.main({args = {A.ArchiveDate}}),
           convertDate.main({args = {A.Date}}),
           convertDate.main({args = {A.DoiBroken}}),
           convertDate.main({args = {A.Embargo}}),
           convertDate.main({args = {A.LayDate}}),
           convertDate.main({args = {A.PublicationDate}})
       -- desreferenciando para enviar ao coletor de lixo e liberar memória
       convertDate = nil
       local date_parameters_list = {['acessodata']=A.AccessDate, ['arquivodata']=A.ArchiveDate, ['data']=A.Date, ['doi-incorrecto']=A.DoiBroken,
               ['embargo']=A.Embargo, ['resumo-data']=A.LayDate, ['data-publicacao']=A.PublicationDate, ['ano']=A.Year};
       for k, v in pairs(date_parameters_list) do
           local bool
           date_parameters_list[k], bool = v:gsub('[%[%]]', )
           if bool ~= 0 then
               table.insert( z.error_categories, '!Páginas com erros CS1: datas')
           end
       end
       -- B.anchor_year usado no identificador CITEREF
       B.anchor_year, A.Embargo, error_message = dates(date_parameters_list, COinS_date);
       if is_set (A.Year) and is_set (A.Date) then -- não precisa de ambos |data= e |ano=
           local mismatch = year_date_check(A.Year, A.Date)
           if 0 == mismatch then -- |ano= não bate com ano em |data=
               if is_set(error_message) then -- se já tiver mensagem de erro
                   error_message = error_message .. ', '
               end
               error_message = error_message .. '|ano= / |data= mismatch'
           elseif 1 == mismatch then -- |ano= bate com ano em |data=
               add_maint_cat ('date_year')
           end
       end
       if not is_set(error_message) then -- entra nesse escopo apenas se não tiver erro
           local modified = false -- flag
           if is_set (A.DF) then -- se precisar reformatar data
               modified = reformat_dates(date_parameters_list, A.DF, false)
           end
           if true == date_hyphen_to_dash (date_parameters_list) then -- converte hífens para traços
               modified = true;
               add_maint_cat ('date_format') -- hífens convertidos, adicionar categoria
           end
           if modified then -- se date_parameters_list foi modicada, sobrescreve o original
               A.AccessDate = date_parameters_list['acessodata']
               A.ArchiveDate = date_parameters_list['arquivodata']
               A.Date = date_parameters_list['data']
               A.DoiBroken = date_parameters_list['doi-incorrecto']
               A.LayDate = date_parameters_list['resumo-data']
               A.PublicationDate = date_parameters_list['data-publicacao']
           end
       else -- adiciona esta mensagem de erro
           table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('bad_date', {error_message}, true)})
       end
   end -- fim do 'do'
   if A.Year:match('^%d%d?$') or A.Year:match('^%d%d?[–%-]%d%d?%d?$') then
       A.Year = A.Year .. ' d.C.'
   end
   -- legado: promove PublicationDate para Date se nem Date nem Year forem definidos
   if not is_set (A.Date) then
       A.Date = A.Year -- promove Year para Date
       A.Year = nil -- torna nil assim Year como string vazia não é usado para CITEREF
       if not is_set (A.Date) and is_set(A.PublicationDate) then -- usa PublicationDate se |date= e |year= não foram definidos
           A.Date = A.PublicationDate -- promove PublicationDate para Date
           A.PublicationDate =  -- não precisa mais
       end
   end
   if A.PublicationDate == A.Date then
       A.PublicationDate =  -- se PublicationDate for igual Date, não aparecerá
   end

--[[permitir o uso do atributo |pmc= como |url= se vazio e configurado para tal, como em - Predefinição:Citar periódico. Isso deve ser feito depois de validar data e antes da tabela do COinS. - Aqui se remove Embargo se PMC não tiver |embargo= ou estar expirado, senão, contém data.]]

   A.Embargo = is_embargoed (A.Embargo)
   if config.permPCMcomoURL and not is_set(A.URL) and is_set(ID_list['PMC']) then
       if not is_set (A.Embargo) then -- se não foi embargado ou se embargo expirou
           A.URL=cfg.id_handlers['PMC'].prefix .. ID_list['PMC'] -- url mesmo que link do PMC
           URLorigin = cfg.id_handlers['PMC'].parameters[1] -- alias para mensagens de erro
           if is_set(A.AccessDate) then -- acessodata requer |url=; o do pmc não vem de |url=
               table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('accessdate_missing_url', {}, true)})
               A.AccessDate =  -- esvaziar
           end
       end
   end
   -- testa se citação não contém título
   if not is_set(A.Title) and not is_set(A.TransTitle)
       and not is_set(A.ScriptTitle) and not config.TituloDispensavel
   then
       table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('citation_missing_title', {'título'}, true)})
   end
   check_for_url ({ -- adiciona mensagem de erro quando algum destes parâmetros conter URL
       [A:ORIGIN('Title')]=A.Title,
       [Chapter_origin]=A.Chapter,
       --[A:ORIGIN('Periodical')]=A.Periodical,
       --[A:ORIGIN('PublisherName')] = A.PublisherName
       })
   -- metadados COinS (ver <http://ocoins.info/>) para análise automatizada de informação de citação
   local coins_author = a -- padrão para coins rft.au
   if 0 < #c then -- mas se tem lista de contribuidores
       coins_author = c -- usa ao invés
   end
   -- Tabela com os argumentos a ser usado na função COinS()
   B.coins_table = {
       Periodical = is_parameter_ext_wikilink(A.Periodical) and A.Periodical:match("%[[^%s]*%s*(.*)%]") or A.Periodical,
       Encyclopedia = is_parameter_ext_wikilink(A.Encyclopedia) and A.Encyclopedia:match("%[[^%s]*%s*(.*)%]") or A.Encyclopedia,
       Chapter = make_coins_title (A.Chapter, A.ScriptChapter), -- Chapter e ScriptChapter sem marcações
       Title = make_coins_title (A.Title, A.ScriptTitle), -- Title e ScriptTitle sem marcações
       PublicationPlace = A.PublicationPlace,
       Date = COinS_date.rftdate, -- COinS_date tem data corretamente formatada se Date for valida;
       Season = COinS_date.rftssn,
       Chron =  COinS_date.rftchron or (not COinS_date.rftdate and A.Date) or , -- chron mas se não definido e formato de data inválido usa Date
       Series = A.Series,
       Volume = A.Volume,
       Issue = A.Issue,
       Pages = get_coins_pages(first_set({A.Page, A.Pages, A.At}, 3)),
       Edition = A.Edition,
       PublisherName = is_parameter_ext_wikilink(A.PublisherName) and A.PublisherName:match("%[[^%s]*%s*(.*)%]") or A.PublisherName,
       URL = first_set ({A.ChapterURL, A.URL}, 2),
       Authors = coins_author,
       ID_list = ID_list,
       RawPage = this_page.prefixedText
   }
   -- agora substitui vários campos, também adiciona espaços, marcações e
   -- pontuações em várias partes da citação, mas apenas se não forem nil
   do
       local last_first_list
       local control = {
           format = A.NameListFormat, -- string vazia ou 'vanc'
           lastauthoramp = A.LastAuthorAmp,
           page_name = this_page.text,
           mode = A.Mode
       } -- maximum = nil, -- se display-authors ou display-editors não definidos
       do -- lista de nomes de editor primeiro porque coautores pode modificar tabela de controle
           control.maximum, editor_etal = get_display_authors_editors(A.DisplayEditors, #e, 'editors', editor_etal)
           last_first_list, B.EditorCount = list_people(control, e, editor_etal)
           if is_set (B.Editors) then
               if editor_etal then
                   B.Editors = B.Editors .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'] -- ad et al. a editores porque |display-editors=etal
                   B.EditorCount = 2 -- com et al., |editors= tem multiplos nomes; mostrar anotação (eds.)
               else
                   B.EditorCount = 2 -- assume que |editors= tem multiplos nomes para mostrar anotação (eds.)
               end
           else
               B.Editors = last_first_list -- ou uma lista de nome de autor ou uma string vazia
           end
           if 1 == B.EditorCount and (true == editor_etal or 1 < #e) then -- exibido apenas um editor, mas inclui et al.
               B.EditorCount = 2 -- para mostrar anotação (eds.)
           end
       end
       do -- agora, tradutores
           control.maximum = #t -- número de tradutores
           Translators = list_people(control, t, false) -- et al não suportado atualmente
       end
       do -- agora, contribuidores
           control.maximum = #c -- número de contribuidores
           B.Contributors = list_people(control, c, false) -- et al não suportado atualmente
       end
       do -- agora, autores
           control.maximum , author_etal = get_display_authors_editors (A['DisplayAuthors'], #a, 'authors', author_etal)
           if is_set(A.Coauthors) then -- se o campo coautor também for usado, previne '&' e et al.
               control.lastauthoramp = nil
               control.maximum = #a + 1
           end
           last_first_list = list_people(control, a, author_etal)
           if is_set (A.Authors) then
               A.Authors, author_etal = name_has_etal (A.Authors, author_etal, false) -- procura e remove variações em et al.
               if author_etal then
                   A.Authors = A.Authors .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'] -- ad et al. a autores
               end
           else
               A.Authors = last_first_list -- ou uma lista de nome de autor ou uma string vazia
           end
       end -- fim do 'do'
       if is_set (A.Authors) and is_set (A.Collaboration) then
           A.Authors = A.Authors .. ' (' .. A.Collaboration .. ')' -- adiciona colaboração depois de et al.
       end
       if not is_set(A.Authors) and is_set(A.Coauthors) then -- coautores não exibidos se não tiver authors=, authorn=, ou lastn=
           table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('coauthors_missing_author', {}, true)})
       end
   end

-- aplica estilo |[xx-]format= no fim, tais parâmetros contêm anotações de formato com estilo correto -- mensagem de erro se não tiver url associado, ou uma string vazia para concatenação

   A.ArchiveFormat = style_format(A.ArchiveFormat, A.ArchiveURL, 'archive-format', 'archive-url')
   A.Format = style_format(A.Format, A.URL, 'format', 'url')
   A.LayFormat = style_format(A.LayFormat, A.LayURL, 'lay-format', 'lay-url')
   A.TranscriptFormat = style_format(A.TranscriptFormat, A.TranscriptURL, 'transcript-format', 'transcripturl')
   -- tratamento especial ao formato de capítulo, assim nenhum erro ou cat se capítulo não suportado
   if not config.ChapterNaoSuportado then
       A.ChapterFormat = style_format (A.ChapterFormat, A.ChapterURL, 'chapter-format', 'chapter-url')
   end
   if not is_set(A.URL) then
       -- tem |accessdate= sem |url= ou |chapter-url= ?
       if is_set(A.AccessDate) and not is_set(A.ChapterURL) then -- pode ter ChapterURL ao invés
           table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('accessdate_missing_url', {}, true)})
           A.AccessDate = 
       end
   end
   local OriginalURL, OriginalURLorigin, OriginalFormat, OriginalAccess
   A.DeadURL = A.DeadURL:lower() -- usado depois quando montar texto de arquivado
   if is_set( A.ArchiveURL ) then
       if is_set (A.ChapterURL) then -- URL não definido, se tem chapter-url aplica archive url nisso
           OriginalURL = A.ChapterURL -- salva cópia para o texto do arquivo
           OriginalURLorigin = ChapterURLorigin -- nome do parâmetro para mensagens de erro
           OriginalFormat = A.ChapterFormat -- |format= original
           if not in_array(A.DeadURL, {'não', 'no', 'live'}) then
               A.ChapterURL = A.ArchiveURL -- alterna o url do arquivo
               ChapterURLorigin = A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL') -- nome do parâmetro para mensagens de erro
               A.ChapterFormat = A.ArchiveFormat or  -- alterna o formato do arquivo
           end
       elseif is_set (A.URL) then
           OriginalURL = A.URL -- salva cópia
           OriginalURLorigin = URLorigin -- nome do parâmetro para mensagens de erro
           OriginalFormat = A.Format -- |format= original
           OriginalAccess = A.UrlAccess
           if not in_array(A.DeadURL, {'não', 'no'}) then -- se tem URL, archive-url se aplica
               A.URL = A.ArchiveURL -- alterna o url do arquivo
               URLorigin = A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL') -- nome do parâmetro para mensagens de erro
               A.Format = A.ArchiveFormat or  -- alterna o formato do arquivo
               A.UrlAccess = nil -- acessos restrito, não faz sentido usar como URL de arquivo
           end
        end
   end
   -- se capítulo for suportado, formata título de capítulo/artigo
   if not config.ChapterNaoSuportado then
       local no_quotes = false -- por padrão, inserirá aspas angulares
       if is_set (A.Contribution) and 0 < #c then -- se tiver colaborador(es)
           -- e um título de contribuição genérico
           if in_array (A.Contribution:lower(), cfg.keywords.contribution) then
               no_quotes = true -- então não se usará aspas angulares
           end
       end
       A.Chapter = format_chapter_title (A.ScriptChapter, A.Chapter, A.TransChapter, A.ChapterURL, ChapterURLorigin, no_quotes) -- A.Contribution também está em A.Chapter
       if is_set (A.Chapter) then
           A.Chapter = A.Chapter .. A.ChapterFormat
           A.Chapter = A.Chapter.. B.sepc .. ' '
       -- se |chapter= não estiver definido, mas estiver |chapter-format= então ...
       elseif is_set (A.ChapterFormat) then
           A.Chapter = A.ChapterFormat .. B.sepc .. ' '
       end
   end
   -- Formata título pricipal
   if is_set(A.TitleLink) and is_set(A.Title) then
       A.Title = "" .. A.Title .. ""
   end
   if config.TituloFormatado then
       A.Title = config.TituloFormatado.Title or A.Title
       A.TransTitle = config.TituloFormatado.TransTitle or A.TransTitle
   else
       A.Title = wrap_style ('italic-title', A.Title)
       A.TransTitle = wrap_style ('trans-italic-title', A.TransTitle)
   end
   --  tags, atributo lang, categorização, etc; deve ser trabalhada após o invólucro do título
   A.Title = script_concatenate (A.Title, A.ScriptTitle)
   local TransError = "";
   if is_set(A.TransTitle) then
       if is_set(A.Title) then
           A.TransTitle = " " .. A.TransTitle;
       else
           TransError = " " .. set_error('trans_missing_title', {'título'})
       end
   end
   A.Title = A.Title .. A.TransTitle
   if is_set(A.Title) then
       if is_set(A.URL) then
           if is_set(A.UrlAccess) then
               if A.UrlAccess:match('^registr?o$') then
                   A.UrlAccess = 'registration'   
               elseif A.UrlAccess == 'subscrição' then
                   A.UrlAccess = 'subscription'
               elseif A.UrlAccess == 'limitada' then
                   A.UrlAccess = 'limited'
               else
                   A.UrlAccess = nil
               end
           end
           A.Title = external_link( A.URL, A.Title, URLorigin, A.UrlAccess ) .. TransError .. A.Format
           -- apagando porque não precisa mais
           A.URL = 
           A.Format = ""
       else
           A.Title = A.Title .. TransError
       end
   end
   if is_set(A.Place) then
       A.Place = " " .. wrap_msg ('written', A.Place, B.use_lowercase) .. B.sepc .. " "
   end
   if not is_set(B.Position) then
       local Minutes = A['Minutes']
       local Time = A['Time']
       if is_set(Minutes) then
           if is_set (Time) then
               table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('redundant_parameters', { wrap_style
               ('parameter', 'minuto') .. ' e ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', 'tempo')}, true )})
           end
           B.Position = wrap_msg('minutes', Minutes, B.use_lowercase)
       else
           if is_set(Time) then
               local TimeCaption = A['TimeCaption']
               if not is_set(TimeCaption) then
                   TimeCaption = cfg.messages['event']
                   if B.use_lowercase then
                       TimeCaption = TimeCaption:lower()
                   end
               end
               B.Position = " " .. TimeCaption .. " " .. Time
           end
       end
   else
       B.Position = " " .. B.Position
       A.At = 
   end
   A.Page, A.Pages = format_pages(A.Page, A.Pages, B.sepc, A.NoPP, B.use_lowercase, A.TotalPages)
   A.At = is_set(A.At) and (B.sepc .. " " .. A.At) or ""
   B.Position = is_set(B.Position) and (B.sepc .. " " .. B.Position) or ""
   if is_set (A.Language) then
       A.Language = language_parameter(A.Language) -- formato, categorias, nome de ISO639-1, etc
   else
       A.Language="" -- língua não especificada, certificar que a variável seja uma string vazia
   end
   A.Others = is_set(A.Others) and (B.sepc .. " " .. A.Others) or ""
   if is_set (Translators) then
       if 'mla' == A.Mode then
           A.Others = B.sepc .. ' Trad. ' .. Translators .. A.Others
       else
           A.Others = B.sepc .. ' ' .. wrap_msg('translated', Translators, B.use_lowercase) .. A.Others
       end
   end
   A.TitleNote = is_set(A.TitleNote) and (B.sepc .. " " .. A.TitleNote) or ""
   if is_set (A.Edition) then
       if A.Edition:match ('%f[%a][Ee]d%.?$') or A.Edition:match ('%f[%a][Ee]dição$') then
           add_maint_cat ('extra_text', 'edition')
       end
       if 'mla' == A.Mode then
           A.Edition = '. ' .. A.Edition .. ' ed.'
       else
           A.Edition = " " .. wrap_msg ('edition', A.Edition) .. " "
       end
   else
       A.Edition = 
   end
   A.Series = is_set(A.Series) and (B.sepc .. " " .. A.Series) or ""
   if 'mla' == A.Mode then -- sem colchetes para mla
       A.OrigYear = is_set(A.OrigYear) and (". " .. A.OrigYear) or ""
   else
       A.OrigYear = is_set(A.OrigYear) and (" [" .. A.OrigYear .. "]") or ""
   end
   A.Agency = is_set(A.Agency) and (B.sepc .. " " .. A.Agency) or ""
   A.Volume = format_volume_issue (A.Volume, A.Issue, B.sepc, B.use_lowercase)
   ------------------------------------ dado completamente não relacionado
   if is_set(A.Via) then
       A.Via = " " .. wrap_msg ('via', A.Via)
   end

--[[ Subscrição pode requerer pagamento; registro não. Se ambos são usados na citação, uma nota de que o link requer subscrição é mostrado. Não há mensagens de erro por isso. ]]

   if is_set (A.SubscriptionRequired) then -- aviso de que requer subscrição
       A.SubscriptionRequired = B.sepc .. " " .. cfg.messages['subscription']
   elseif is_set (A.RegistrationRequired) then -- aviso de que requer registro
       A.SubscriptionRequired = B.sepc .. " " .. cfg.messages['registration']
   else -- um deles ou ambos provavelmente está com outro valor além de sim, true...
       A.SubscriptionRequired = 
   end
   if is_set(A.AccessDate) then
       local retrv_text = " " .. cfg.messages['retrieved']
       A.AccessDate = nowrap_date(A.AccessDate)
       if 'mla' == A.Mode then -- texto recuperado não usado em mla
           A.AccessDate = ' ' .. A.AccessDate
       else
           if (B.use_lowercase) then retrv_text = retrv_text:lower() end -- if cs2, caixa baixa
           A.AccessDate = substitute(retrv_text, A.AccessDate) -- adiciona texto recuperado
       end
       A.AccessDate = substitute(cfg.presentation['accessdate'], {B.sepc, A.AccessDate})
   end
   if is_set(A.ID) then
       A.ID = B.sepc .." ".. A.ID
   end
   ID_list = build_id_list(ID_list, {IdAccessLevels=ID_access_levels, DoiBroken = A.DoiBroken, ASINTLD = A.ASINTLD, IgnoreISBN = A.IgnoreISBN, Embargo=A.Embargo, Class = A.Class})
   if is_set(A.URL) then
       A.URL = " " .. external_link( A.URL, nil, URLorigin, Access )
   end
   if is_set(A.Quote) then
       if A.Quote:sub(1,1) == '"' and A.Quote:sub(-1,-1) == '"' then -- vê se tem aspas
           A.Quote = A.Quote:sub(2,-2) -- arranca fora se tiver
       end
       A.Quote = B.sepc .." " .. wrap_style ('quoted-text', A.Quote ) -- põe tags ...
       B.PostScript = "" -- cs1|2 não fornece pontuação final quando |quote= está definido
   end
   local Archived
   if is_set(A.ArchiveURL) then
       if not is_set(A.ArchiveDate) then
           A.ArchiveDate = set_error('archive_missing_date')
       end
       if in_array(A.DeadURL, {'não', 'no'}) then
           local arch_text = cfg.messages['archived']
           if B.sepc ~= "." then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
           Archived = B.sepc .. " " .. external_link( A.ArchiveURL, substitute(cfg.messages['archived-not-dead'],
               {  arch_text .. A.ArchiveFormat, A.ArchiveDate }), A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL'), nil )
           if not is_set(OriginalURL) then
               Archived = Archived .. " " .. set_error('archive_missing_url')
           end
       elseif is_set(OriginalURL) then
           local arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-dead']
           if B.use_lowercase then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
           if in_array (A.DeadURL, {'unfit', 'usurped', 'bot: unknown'}) then
               Archived = B.sepc .. " " .. 'Arquivado do original em ' .. A.ArchiveDate -- formato já estilizado
               if 'bot: unknown' == A.DeadURL then
                   add_maint_cat ('bot:_unknown') -- adiciona uma categoria, se já não estiver
               else
                   add_maint_cat ('unfit') -- adiciona uma categoria, se já não estiver
               end
           else -- A.DeadURL está vazio, 'sim', 'true'...
               Archived = B.sepc .. " " .. substitute( arch_text,
                   { external_link( OriginalURL, cfg.messages['original'], OriginalURLorigin, OriginalAccess ) .. OriginalFormat, A.ArchiveDate }) -- formato já estilizado
           end
       else
           local arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-missing']
           if B.use_lowercase then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
           Archived = B.sepc .. " " .. substitute(arch_text,
               { set_error('archive_missing_url'), A.ArchiveDate })
       end
       A.DeadURL = 
   elseif is_set (A.ArchiveFormat) then
       Archived = A.ArchiveFormat -- ArchiveURL não está definido ArchiveFormat tem mensagem de erro
   else
       Archived = ""
   end
   local Lay = 
   if is_set(A.LayURL) then
       if is_set(A.LayDate) then A.LayDate = " (" .. A.LayDate .. ")" end
       if is_set(A.LaySource) then
           A.LaySource = " – " .. safe_for_italics(A.LaySource) .. ""
       else
           A.LaySource = ""
       end
       if B.sepc == '.' then
           Lay = B.sepc .. " " .. external_link(A.LayURL, cfg.messages['lay summary']
               , A:ORIGIN('LayURL'), nil) .. A.LayFormat .. A.LaySource .. A.LayDate
       else
           Lay = B.sepc .. " " .. external_link(A.LayURL, cfg.messages['lay summary']:lower()
               , A:ORIGIN('LayURL'), nil) .. A.LayFormat .. A.LaySource .. A.LayDate
       end
   elseif is_set (A.LayFormat) then -- testa se |lay-format= esta sem |lay-url=
       Lay = B.sepc .. A.LayFormat -- se LayURL não está definido, LayFormat tem mensagem de erro
   end
   if is_set(A.Transcript) then
       if is_set(A.TranscriptURL) then
           A.Transcript = external_link( A.TranscriptURL, A.Transcript, TranscriptURLorigin, nil )
       end
       A.Transcript = B.sepc .. ' ' .. A.Transcript .. A.TranscriptFormat
   elseif is_set(A.TranscriptURL) then
       A.Transcript = external_link( A.TranscriptURL, nil, TranscriptURLorigin, nil )
   end
   if is_set(A.PublicationDate) then
       A.PublicationDate = wrap_msg ('published', A.PublicationDate)
   end
   if is_set(A.PublisherName) then
       if is_set(A.PublicationPlace) then
           B.Publisher = B.sepc .. " " .. A.PublicationPlace .. ": "
               .. A.PublisherName .. A.PublicationDate
       else
               B.Publisher = B.sepc .. " " .. A.PublisherName .. A.PublicationDate
       end
   elseif is_set(A.PublicationPlace) then
       B.Publisher= B.sepc .. " " .. A.PublicationPlace .. A.PublicationDate
   else
       B.Publisher = A.PublicationDate
   end
   if is_set(A.Periodical) then
       if is_set(A.Title) or is_set(A.TitleNote) then
           A.Periodical = B.sepc .. " " .. wrap_style ('italic-title', A.Periodical)
       else
           A.Periodical = wrap_style ('italic-title', A.Periodical)
       end
   end


   -- Piece all bits together at last.  Here, all should be non-nil.
   -- We build things this way because it is more efficient in LUA
   -- not to keep reassigning to the same string variable over and over.
   if 'mla' == A.Mode then
       B.tcommon = safe_join( {A.TitleNote, A.Periodical, A.Format, A.TitleType, A.Series
           , A.Language, A.Edition, B.Publisher, A.Agency}, B.sepc )
   else -- todos as outras predefinições CS1
       B.tcommon = safe_join({A.Title, A.TitleNote, A.Periodical, A.Format, A.TitleType
       , A.Series, A.Language, A.Volume, A.Others, A.Edition, B.Publisher, A.Agency}, B.sepc)
   end
   if #ID_list > 0 then
       ID_list = safe_join({ B.sepc .. " ", table.concat(ID_list, B.sepc .. " " ), A.ID }, B.sepc)
   else
       ID_list = A.ID
   end
   B.idcommon = safe_join({ ID_list, A.URL, A.AccessDate, Archived, A.Via, A.SubscriptionRequired, Lay, A.Quote }, B.sepc)
   if is_set(A.Date) then
       if ('mla' == A.Mode) then
               A.Date = ', ' .. A.Date  -- origyear segue título em mla
       elseif is_set (A.Authors) or is_set (B.Editors) then -- data segue autores ou editores
           A.Date = " (" .. A.Date ..")" .. A.OrigYear .. B.sepc .. " " -- in parentheses
       else -- nem autores nem editores definidos
           if (string.sub(B.tcommon,-1,-1) == B.sepc) then -- se o último caractere for sepc
               A.Date = " " .. A.Date .. A.OrigYear -- data não começa com sepc
           else -- data começa com sepc
               A.Date = B.sepc .. " " .. (B.use_lowercase and A.Date
                   or (A.Date:sub(1, 1):upper() .. A.Date:sub(2))) .. A.OrigYear
           end
       end
   end
   B.a = a
   B.c = c
   B.e = e
   return A, B

end

--[[--------------------------< t e x t o F i n a l >--------------------------------------------- Esta função serve para retornar o resultado final de todo o processo à função inicial ]] function textoFinal(A, B)

   local text
   local pgtext = B.Position .. A.Page .. A.Pages .. A.At
   -- esta é a chamada da função para COinS()
   local OCinSoutput = COinS(B.coins_table, B.config.CitationClass)
   if is_set(A.Authors) then
       if is_set(A.Coauthors) then
           if 'vanc' == A.NameListFormat then -- separa autores e coautores com separador apropriado
               A.Authors = A.Authors .. ', ' .. A.Coauthors
           else
               A.Authors = A.Authors .. '; ' .. A.Coauthors
           end
       end
       if (not is_set (A.Date)) or ('mla' == A.Mode) then -- quando tem data, está entre parêntesis; sem concluir autores
           A.Authors = terminate_name_list (A.Authors, B.sepc) -- sem data, termina com 0 ou 1 sepc e um espaço
       end
       if is_set(B.Editors) then
           local in_text = " ";
           local post_text = "";
           if is_set(A.Chapter) and 0 == #B.c and 'mla' ~= A.Mode then
               in_text = cfg.messages['in'] .. " " .. in_text
               if (B.use_lowercase) then in_text = in_text:lower() end -- caixa baixa para cs2
           elseif is_set(A.Chapter) and 'mla' == A.Mode then
               if B.EditorCount <= 1 then
                   in_text = '. Ed. '
               else
                   in_text = '. Eds. '
               end
           else
               if B.EditorCount <= 1 then
                   post_text = ", " .. cfg.messages['editor']
               else
                   post_text = ", " .. cfg.messages['editors']
               end
           end
           B.Editors = terminate_name_list (in_text .. B.Editors .. post_text, B.sepc) -- termina com 0 ou 1 sepc e um espaço
       end
       if is_set (B.Contributors) then -- citação de livro quando citar intro, prefácio, etc
           local by_text = B.sepc .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['by'] .. ' '
           if (B.use_lowercase) then by_text = by_text:lower() end -- caixa baixa para cs2
           A.Authors = by_text .. A.Authors -- autor segue título, então puxa pra cá
           if is_set (B.Editors) and ('mla' ~= A.Mode)then                                            -- quando tem editores, certificar que autores está concluído
               A.Authors = terminate_name_list (A.Authors, B.sepc) -- termina com 0 ou 1 sepc e um espaço
           end
           if (not is_set (A.Date)) or ('mla' == A.Mode) then -- quando tem data, está entre parêntesis; sem concluir contribuidores
               B.Contributors = terminate_name_list (B.Contributors, B.sepc) -- termina com 0 ou 1 sepc e um espaço
           end
           if 'mla' == A.Mode then
               text = safe_join({ B.Contributors, A.Chapter, B.tcommon, A.OrigYear, A.Authors, A.Place, A.Others, B.Editors, B.tcommon2, A.Date, pgtext, B.idcommon }, B.sepc)
           else
               text = safe_join({ B.Contributors, A.Date, A.Chapter, B.tcommon, A.Authors, A.Place, B.Editors, B.tcommon2, pgtext, B.idcommon }, B.sepc)
           end
       elseif 'mla' == A.Mode then
           B.tcommon = B.tcommon .. A.Date -- para evitar separador duplicado
           text = safe_join({ A.Authors, A.Chapter, A.Title, A.OrigYear, A.Others, B.Editors, A.Edition, A.Place, B.tcommon, pgtext, B.idcommon }, B.sepc)
       else
           text = safe_join({ A.Authors, A.Date, A.Chapter, A.Place, B.Editors, B.tcommon, pgtext, B.idcommon }, B.sepc)
       end
   elseif is_set(B.Editors) then
       if is_set(A.Date) then
           if B.EditorCount <= 1 then
               B.Editors = B.Editors .. ", " .. cfg.messages['editor']
           else
               B.Editors = B.Editors .. ", " .. cfg.messages['editors']
           end
       else
           if B.EditorCount <= 1 then
               B.Editors = B.Editors .. " (" .. cfg.messages['editor'] .. ")" .. B.sepc .. " "
           else
               B.Editors = B.Editors .. " (" .. cfg.messages['editors'] .. ")" .. B.sepc .. " "
           end
       end
       if 'mla' == A.Mode then
           if in_array(B.config.CitationClass, {'journal', 'news', 'web'}) and is_set(A.Periodical) then
               text = safe_join( {B.Editors, A.Title, A.Place, B.tcommon, pgtext, A.Date, B.idcommon}, B.sepc )
           else
               text = safe_join( {B.Editors, A.Chapter, A.Title, A.Place, B.tcommon, A.Date, pgtext, B.idcommon}, B.sepc )
           end
       else
           text = safe_join( {B.Editors, A.Date, A.Chapter, A.Place, B.tcommon, pgtext, B.idcommon}, B.sepc )
       end
   elseif 'mla' == A.Mode then
       text = safe_join({A.Chapter, A.Title, A.Place, B.tcommon, A.Date, pgtext, B.idcommon}, B.sepc)
   else
       if in_array(B.config.CitationClass, {"journal","citation"}) and is_set(A.Periodical) then
           text = safe_join( {A.Chapter, A.Place, B.tcommon, pgtext, A.Date, B.idcommon}, B.sepc )
       else
           text = safe_join( {A.Chapter, A.Place, B.tcommon, A.Date, pgtext, B.idcommon}, B.sepc )
       end
   end
   if is_set(B.PostScript) and B.PostScript ~= B.sepc then
       text = safe_join( {text, B.sepc}, B.sepc ) -- lida com espaços, itálicos etc.
       text = text:sub(1,-B.sepc:len()-1)
   end
   text = (safe_join( {text, B.PostScript}, B.sepc )):match(("%".. B.sepc .."?%s?(.*)$"))
   if is_set(A.DeadURL) and not in_array(A.DeadURL, {'não', 'no'}) then
       local data = A.DeadURL:match('([%aç]+ de %d%d%d%d)')
       text = text .. ' <sup'.. (data and (' title="Constatado que a ligação está inativa em: '
            .. data .. '"') or ) .. '>\'\'[ligação inativa]\'\''
       table.insert( z.error_categories, '!Artigos com ligações externas inativas')
       --table.insert( z.error_categories, '!Artigos com citações quebradas')
   end
   -- agora põe tudo num elemento 
   local options = {};
   if is_set(B.config.CitationClass) and B.config.CitationClass ~= "citation" then
       options.class = B.config.CitationClass
       -- class=citation requerido para realçar de azul quando usado |ref=
       options.class = "citation " .. B.config.CitationClass
   else
       options.class = "citation"
   end
   -- define a âncora da referencia, caso for apropriado
   if is_set(B.Ref) and B.Ref:lower() ~= "none" then
       local id = B.Ref
       if ('harv' == B.Ref ) then
           local namelist = {} -- a conter lista de nomes de contribuidor, autor ou editor
           local year = first_set ({A.Year, B.anchor_year}, 2)
           if #B.c > 0 then -- se houver uma lista de contribuidores
               namelist = B.c -- seleciona-o
           elseif #B.a > 0 then -- ou uma lista de autores
               namelist = B.a
           elseif #B.e > 0 then -- ou uma lista de editores
               namelist = B.e
           end
           if #namelist > 0 then -- se houver nomes na lista
               id = anchor_id (namelist, year) -- construirá a âncora CITEREF
           else
               id = 
           end
       end
       options.id = id
   end
   -- remove tags  e outras marcações html; então obter o tamanho do que restar
   if string.len(text:gsub("<span[^>/]*>(.-)", "%1"):gsub("%b<>","")) <= 2 then
       z.error_categories = {};
       text = set_error('empty_citation');
       z.message_tail = {};
   end
   if is_set(options.id) then -- por a citação renderizada dentro das tags ...
       text = substitute(cfg.presentation['cite-id'], {mw.uri.anchorEncode(options.id)
           , mw.text.nowiki(options.class), text}) -- quando |ref= estiver definido
   else
       text = substitute(cfg.presentation['cite'], {mw.text.nowiki(options.class), text}) -- sem |ref=
   end
   text = text .. substitute(cfg.presentation['ocins'], {OCinSoutput}) -- acrescenta metadados à citação
   if #z.message_tail ~= 0 then
       text = text .. " "
       for i,v in ipairs( z.message_tail ) do
           if is_set(v[1]) then
               if i == #z.message_tail then
                   text = text .. error_comment( v[1], v[2] )
               else
                   text = text .. error_comment( v[1] .. "; ", v[2] )
               end
           end
       end
   end
   if #z.maintenance_cats ~= 0 then
       text = text .. ''
   end
   A.NoTracking = A.NoTracking:lower();
   if in_array(A.NoTracking, {"", "no", "false", "n"}) then
       for _, v in ipairs( z.error_categories ) do
           text = text .. 
       end
       for _, v in ipairs( z.maintenance_cats ) do -- acrescenta categorias de manutenção
           text = text .. 
       end
       for _, v in ipairs( z.properties_cats ) do -- acrescenta categorias de manutenção
           text = text .. 
       end
   end
   return text

end

--[[--------------------------< tratarArgumentos >----------------------------------------- Esta função serve para trarar os argumentos recebidos por parâmetro antes de serem processados ]] function tratarArgumentos(frame)

   -- salva uma cópia em caso de precisar mostrar uma mensagem de erro no modo "prever"
   Frame = frame
   local pframe = frame:getParent()
   local validation, utilities, identifiers, metadata
   -- verifica se é teste
   local tmp = string.find (frame:getTitle(), 'Testes', 1, true) and "/Testes" or ""
   cfg = require ('Módulo:Citação/CS1/Configuração' .. tmp)
   whitelist = require ('Módulo:Citação/CS1/Whitelist' .. tmp)
   utilities = require ('Módulo:Citação/CS1/Utilidades' .. tmp)
   validation = require ('Módulo:Citação/CS1/ValidaçãoDatas' .. tmp)
   identifiers = require ('Módulo:Citação/CS1/Identificadores' .. tmp)
   metadata = require ('Módulo:Citação/CS1/COinS' .. tmp)
   if frame.whitelist then -- facilita uso de parâmetros em módulos locais
       local tmpWhite = frame.whitelist
       tmpWhite.__index = tmpWhite
       whitelist.basic_arguments = setmetatable(whitelist.basic_arguments, tmpWhite)
       if tmpWhite.numWhitelist then
           tmpWhite.numWhitelist.__index = tmpWhite.numWhitelist
           whitelist.numbered_arguments = setmetatable(whitelist.numbered_arguments, tmpWhite.numWhitelist)
       end
   end
   -- para que as funções em Utilidades possam ver as tabelas em cfg
   utilities.set_selected_modules (cfg)
   -- para que as funções em Identificadores possam ver as tabelas de cfg selecionadas e o módulo Utilidades
   identifiers.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities)
   -- para que as funções em ValidaçãoDatas possam ver o módulos Utilidades selecionado
   validation.set_selected_modules (utilities)
   -- para que as funções em COinS possam ver as tabelas de cfg selecionadas e o módulo Utilidades
   metadata.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities)
   --  Teste validação datas
   dates = validation.dates -- importa funções de Módulo:Citação/CS1/ValidaçãoDatas
   year_date_check = validation.year_date_check
   reformat_dates = validation.reformat_dates
   date_hyphen_to_dash = validation.date_hyphen_to_dash
   is_set = utilities.is_set -- importa funções de Módulo:Citação/CS1/Utilidades
   in_array = utilities.in_array
   substitute = utilities.substitute
   error_comment = utilities.error_comment
   set_error = utilities.set_error
   select_one = utilities.select_one
   add_maint_cat = utilities.add_maint_cat
   wrap_style = utilities.wrap_style
   safe_for_italics = utilities.safe_for_italics
   remove_wiki_link = utilities.remove_wiki_link
   z = utilities.z -- tabela de erro e tabelas de categorias em Módulo:Citação/CS1/Utilidades
   extract_ids = identifiers.extract_ids -- importa funções de Módulo:Citação/CS1/Utilidades
   build_id_list = identifiers.build_id_list
   is_embargoed = identifiers.is_embargoed
   extract_id_access_levels = identifiers.extract_id_access_levels
   make_coins_title = metadata.make_coins_title -- importa funções de Módulo:Citação/CS1/COinS
   get_coins_pages = metadata.get_coins_pages
   COinS = metadata.COinS
   local args = {}
   local suggestions = {}
   local error_text, error_state
   local config = {}
   for k, v in pairs( frame.args ) do
       config[k] = v
       args[k] = v
   end
   local capture -- a única captura suportada quando encontrado parâmetro desconhecido
   for k, v in pairs( pframe.args ) do
       if v ~=  then
           if not validate( k ) then
               error_text = "";
               if type( k ) ~= 'string' then
                   -- Exclui parâmetros numéricos vazios
                   if v:match("%S+") ~= nil then
                       error_text, error_state = set_error( 'text_ignored', {v}, true )
                   end
               elseif validate( k:lower() ) then
                   error_text, error_state = set_error( 'parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, k:lower()}, true )
               else
                   -- se esta tabela for nil então precisa caregar isso
                   if nil == suggestions.suggestions then
                       suggestions = mw.loadData(('Módulo:Citação/CS1/Sugestões' .. tmp))
                   end
                   -- laço sobre o "patterns" para ver o se pode-se sugerir um parâmetro apropriado
                   for pattern, param in pairs (suggestions.patterns) do
                       --[[ pega a captura que corresponde ao modelo (pattern), ou senão
                        pega todo o texto caso a captura não corresponda ao modelo]]
                       capture = k:match (pattern)
                       -- se o modelo confere
                       if capture then
                           -- adiciona a captura ao parâmetro sugerido (normalmente o enumerador)
                           param = substitute( param, capture )
                           error_text, error_state = set_error( 'parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, param}, true ) -- define a mensagem de erro
                       end
                   end
                   -- não corresponde ao modelo, há alguma sugestão explícita?
                   if not is_set (error_text) then
                       if suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ] ~= nil then
                           error_text, error_state = set_error( 'parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ]}, true )
                       else
                           error_text, error_state = set_error( 'parameter_ignored', {k}, true )
                       end
                   end
               end
               if error_text ~=  then
                   table.insert( z.message_tail, {error_text, error_state} )
               end
           end
           -- será que há algum parâmetro precisando de um pipe?
           missing_pipe_check (v)
           args[k] = v
       elseif args[k] ~= nil or (k == 'postscript') then
           args[k] = v
       end
   end
   for k, v in pairs( args ) do
       -- não avalia parâmetros posicionais
       if 'string' == type (k) then
           has_invisible_chars (k, v)
       end
   end
   --[[
   Carrega os parâmetros de entrada. A função argument_wrapper facilita
   o mapeamento de múltiplos aliases para uma única variável interna.
   ]]
   local A = argument_wrapper( args )
   if is_set (A.NoPP) and is_valid_parameter_value (A.NoPP, 'nopp', cfg.keywords ['yes_true_y_sim_s']) then
       A.NoPP = true;
   else
       A.NoPP = nil;                                                                -- unset, used as a flag later
   end
   if is_set(A.Pages) then
       -- se pages é apenas dígitos, assume-se que é o número total de páginas
       if tonumber(A.Pages) then
           A.TotalPages = A.Pages
           A.Pages = 
       end
   end
   if is_set(A.Page) then
       if is_set(A.Pages) or is_set(A.At) then
           A.Pages = 
           A.At = 
       end
       extra_text_in_page_check(A.Page) -- ad esta página para maint cat se |pages= começa com algo como p. or pp.
   elseif is_set(A.Pages) then
       if is_set(A.At) then
           A.At = 
       end
       extra_text_in_page_check(A.Pages) -- ad esta página para maint cat se |pages= começa com algo como p. or pp.
   end
   if is_set(A.Wayb) then
       if is_set(A.ArchiveDate) then
           table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error('redundant_parameters', {wrap_style ('parameter', A:ORIGIN('Wayb')) .. ' e ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', A:ORIGIN('ArchiveDate'))}, true )});
       end
       if is_set(A.ArchiveURL) then
           table.insert( z.message_tail, { set_error('redundant_parameters', {wrap_style ('parameter', A:ORIGIN('Wayb')) .. ' e ' .. wrap_style ('parameter', A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL'))}, true )});
       end
       if tonumber(A.Wayb) and A.Wayb:len() > 7 then
           if is_set(A.URL) then
               A.ArchiveURL = 'http://web.archive.org/web/' .. A.Wayb .. '/' .. A.URL
               A.ArchiveDate = (A.Wayb:sub(7, 8) ..'-'.. A.Wayb:sub(5, 6) ..'-'.. A.Wayb:sub(1, 4))
           else
               table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('wayb_missing_url')})
           end
       else
           table.insert(z.message_tail, { set_error('invalid_param_val'
               , {A:ORIGIN('Wayb'), A.Wayb}, true)})
       end
   end
   return config, args, A

end

--[[--------------------------< C S 1 . C I T A T I O N >---------------------------------------- Esta função é usada nas predefinições de citação em geral para criar um texto de citação. ]] function cs1.citation(frame)

   local config, args, A = tratarArgumentos(frame)
   local B
   A, B = citation0(config, args, A)
   B.config = config
   return textoFinal(A, B)

end

return cs1